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Related papers: Exploring Alternatives to Softmax Function

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The additive margin softmax (AM-Softmax) loss has delivered remarkable performance in speaker verification. A supposed behavior of AM-Softmax is that it can shrink within-class variation by putting emphasis on target logits, which in turn…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Lantian Li , Ruiqian Nai , Dong Wang

Average-K classification is an alternative to top-K classification in which the number of labels returned varies with the ambiguity of the input image but must average to K over all the samples. A simple method to solve this task is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Camille Garcin , Maximilien Servajean , Alexis Joly , Joseph Salmon

Speaker Recognition is a challenging task with essential applications such as authentication, automation, and security. The SincNet is a new deep learning based model which has produced promising results to tackle the mentioned task. To…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-15 João Antônio Chagas Nunes , David Macêdo , Cleber Zanchettin

SoftMax is a ubiquitous ingredient of modern machine learning algorithms. It maps an input vector onto a probability simplex and reweights the input by concentrating the probability mass at large entries. Yet, as a smooth approximation to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Yuxuan Zhou , Mario Fritz , Margret Keuper

The margin-based softmax loss functions greatly enhance intra-class compactness and perform well on the tasks of face recognition and object classification. Outperformance, however, depends on the careful hyperparameter selection. Moreover,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-18 JT Wu , L. Wang

Loss functions steer the optimization direction of recommendation models and are critical to model performance, but have received relatively little attention in recent recommendation research. Among various losses, we find Softmax loss (SL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Junkang Wu , Jiawei Chen , Jiancan Wu , Wentao Shi , Jizhi Zhang , Xiang Wang

Deep classifiers have achieved great success in visual recognition. However, real-world data is long-tailed by nature, leading to the mismatch between training and testing distributions. In this paper, we show that the Softmax function,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Jiawei Ren , Cunjun Yu , Shunan Sheng , Xiao Ma , Haiyu Zhao , Shuai Yi , Hongsheng Li

The softmax loss and its variants are widely used as objectives for embedding learning, especially in applications like face recognition. However, the intra- and inter-class objectives in the softmax loss are entangled, therefore a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Lanqing He , Zhongdao Wang , Yali Li , Shengjin Wang

The cross-entropy softmax loss is the primary loss function used to train deep neural networks. On the other hand, the focal loss function has been demonstrated to provide improved performance when there is an imbalance in the number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Leslie N. Smith

Learning the discriminative features of different faces is an important task in face recognition. By extracting face features in neural networks, it becomes easy to measure the similarity of different face images, which makes face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Jiamu Xu , Xiaoxiang Liu , Xinyuan Zhang , Yain-Whar Si , Xiaofan Li , Zheng Shi , Ke Wang , Xueyuan Gong

We empirically investigate the (negative) expected accuracy as an alternative loss function to cross entropy (negative log likelihood) for classification tasks. Coupled with softmax activation, it has small derivatives over most of its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Ozan İrsoy

Multiclass multilabel classification is the task of attributing multiple labels to examples via predictions. Current models formulate a reduction of the multilabel setting into either multiple binary classifications or multiclass…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Gabriel Bénédict , Vincent Koops , Daan Odijk , Maarten de Rijke

We consider learning a probabilistic classifier from partially-labelled supervision (inputs denoted with multiple possibilities) using standard neural architectures with a softmax as the final layer. We identify a bias phenomenon that can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Zsolt Zombori , Agapi Rissaki , Kristóf Szabó , Wolfgang Gatterbauer , Michael Benedikt

One of the main challenges for feature representation in deep learning-based classification is the design of appropriate loss functions that exhibit strong discriminative power. The classical softmax loss does not explicitly encourage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Xiong Zhou , Xianming Liu , Deming Zhai , Junjun Jiang , Xin Gao , Xiangyang Ji

The popular softmax loss and its recent extensions have achieved great success in the deep learning-based image classification. However, the data for training image classifiers usually has different quality. Ignoring such problem, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-29 Weihua Liu , Xiabi Liu , Murong Wang , Ling Ma

Ranking tasks constitute fundamental components of extreme similarity learning frameworks, where extremely large corpora of objects are modeled through relative similarity relationships adhering to predefined ordinal structures. Among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yuanhao Pu , Defu Lian , Xiaolong Chen , Xu Huang , Jin Chen , Enhong Chen

Face recognition has witnessed significant progresses due to the advances of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), the central challenge of which, is feature discrimination. To address it, one group tries to exploit mining-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-01 Xiaobo Wang , Shuo Wang , Shifeng Zhang , Tianyu Fu , Hailin Shi , Tao Mei

Evaluating the log-sum-exp function or the softmax function is a key step in many modern data science algorithms, notably in inference and classification. Because of the exponentials that these functions contain, the evaluation is prone to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-09-10 Pierre Blanchard , Desmond J. Higham , Nicholas J. Higham

The softmax layer in neural machine translation is designed to model the distribution over mutually exclusive tokens. Machine translation, however, is intrinsically uncertain: the same source sentence can have multiple semantically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Felix Stahlberg , Shankar Kumar

The Softmax function is used in the final layer of nearly all existing sequence-to-sequence models for language generation. However, it is usually the slowest layer to compute which limits the vocabulary size to a subset of most frequent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-25 Sachin Kumar , Yulia Tsvetkov