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With the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources, grid-forming (GFM) inverters are becoming essential for voltage and frequency regulation. However, the transient stability of GFM inverter is critically affected by the current…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Dewan Mahnaaz Mahmud , Vinu Thomas , Bogdan Marinescu , Mickaël Hilairet

Integrating grid-forming converters (GFMCs) into grid-following converter (GFLC)-dominated power systems enhances the grid strength, but GFMCs' current-limiting characteristic triggers dynamic switching between constant voltage control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-22 Bingfang Li , Songhao Yang , Pu Cheng , Zhiguo Hao

The paper discusses fast frequency control in bulk power systems using embedded networks of grid-forming energy storage resources. Differing from their traditional roles of regulating reserves, the storage resources in this work operate as…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-22 Kaustav Chatterjee , Ramij Raja Hossain , Sai Pushpak Nandanoori , Soumya Kundu , Diane Baldwin , Ronald Melton

This paper considers the phenomenon of distinct regional frequencies recently observed in some power systems. First, a reduced-order mathematical model describing this behaviour is developed. Then, techniques to solve the model are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-15 Luis Badesa , Fei Teng , Goran Strbac

Owing to their great expressivity and versatility, neural networks have gained attention for simulating large two-dimensional quantum many-body systems. However, their expressivity comes with the cost of a challenging optimization due to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-03-26 Hannah Lange , Guillaume Bornet , Gabriel Emperauger , Cheng Chen , Thierry Lahaye , Stefan Kienle , Antoine Browaeys , Annabelle Bohrdt

A multi-input multi-output based grid-forming (MIMO-GFM) converter has been proposed using multivariable feedback control, which has been proven as a superior and robust system using low-order controllers. However, the original MIMO-GFM…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-05 Meng Chen , Dao Zhou , Frede Blaabjerg

Introduction of renewable generation leads to significant reduction of inertia in power system, which deteriorates the quality of frequency control. This paper suggests a new control scheme utilizing controllable load to deal with low…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Oleg O. Khamisov , Janusz W. Bialek , Anatoly Dymarsky

The modern power system features high penetration of power converters due to the development of renewables, HVDC, etc. Currently, the controller design and parameter tuning of power converters heavily rely on rich engineering experience and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-12 Linbin Huang , Huanhai Xin , Florian Dörfler

This paper addresses the following fundamental research question: how does the integration of grid-forming inverters (GFMs) replacing conventional synchronous generators (SGs) impact the slow coherent eigen-structure and the low-frequency…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-27 Sayak Mukherjee , Ramij Raja Hossain , Kaustav Chatterjee , Soumya Kundu , Kyung-Bin Kwon , Sameer Nekkalapu , Marcelo Elizondo

This paper introduces the novel Droop-e grid-forming power electronic converter control strategy, which establishes a non-linear, active power--frequency droop relationship based on an exponential function of the power output. A primary…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-26 Rick Wallace Kenyon , Amirhossein Sajadi , Bri-Mathias Hodge

This paper presents a novel strategy for the synchronization of grid-following Voltage Source Converters (VSCs) in power systems with low rotational inertia. The proposed synchronization unit is based on emulating the physical properties of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-30 Ognjen Stanojev , Uros Markovic , Petros Aristidou , Gabriela Hug

This paper analyses the capabilities of the OpenModelica environment to perform electromagnetic transient (EMT) type simulations of power transmission systems with grid-connected converters. A power transmission system has been modelled and…

As the energy transition transforms power grids across the globe, it poses several challenges regarding grid design and control. In particular, high levels of intermittent renewable generation complicate the task of continuously balancing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-08-07 Randall Martyr , Benjamin Schaefer , Christian Beck , Vito Latora

Load side participation can provide support to the power network by appropriately adapting the demand when required. In addition, it enables an economically improved power allocation. In this study, we consider the problem of providing an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-10 Andreas Kasis , Stelios Timotheou , Marios Polycarpou

Microgrids are increasingly recognized as a key technology for the integration of distributed energy resources into the power network, allowing local clusters of load and distributed energy resources to operate autonomously. However,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-22 Jeremy Watson , Yemi Ojo , Khaled Laib , Ioannis Lestas

In this paper, a biologically-inspired adaptive intelligent secondary controller is developed for microgrids to tackle system dynamics uncertainties, faults, and/or disturbances. The developed adaptive biologically-inspired controller…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-20 Mohammad Jafari , Vahid Sarfi , Amir Ghasemkhani , Hanif Livani , Lei Yang , Hao Xu

The concept of effective order is a popular methodology in the deterministic literature for the construction of efficient and accurate integrators for differential equations over long times. The idea is to enhance the accuracy of a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-08-18 Gilles Vilmart

This paper develops a new analytical model to estimate real-time variations in grid frequency and voltages resulting from dynamic network reconfiguration (DNR). In the proposed model, switching operations are considered as discrete…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-15 Jae-Young Park , Young-Jin Kim

An inevitable consequence of the global power system transition towards nearly 100% renewable-based generation is the loss of conventional bulk generation by synchronous machines, their inertia, and accompanying frequency and voltage…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-10 Ali Tayyebi , Dominic Groß , Adolfo Anta , Friederich Kupzog , Florian Dörfler

Differentiable simulators promise faster computation time for reinforcement learning by replacing zeroth-order gradient estimates of a stochastic objective with an estimate based on first-order gradients. However, it is yet unclear what…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 H. J. Terry Suh , Max Simchowitz , Kaiqing Zhang , Russ Tedrake