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Large geographical regions of our planet remain uncovered by terrestrial network connections. Sparse and dense constellations of near-Earth orbit satellites can bridge this gap by providing Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity on a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Juan A. Fraire , Oana Iova , Fabrice Valois

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks (SatNets) are envisioned to play a crucial role in providing global and ubiquitous connectivity efficiently. Accordingly, in the coming years, thousands of LEO satellites will be launched to create…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Mohammed Y. Abdelsadek , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Gunes Karabulut Kurt

This paper analyzes the performance of low earth orbit (LEO) satellites based internet-of-things (IoT) network where each IoT node makes use of multiple satellites to communicate with the ground station (GS). In this work, we consider fixed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-23 Ayush Kumar Dwivedi , Sai Praneeth Chokkarapu , Sachin Chaudhari , Neeraj Varshney

With the rapid expansion of low Earth orbit (LEO) constellations, thousands of satellites are now in operation, many equipped with onboard GNSS receivers capable of continuous orbit determination and time synchronization. This development…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-14 Xing Liu , Xue Xian Zheng , José A. López-Salcedo , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri , Gonzalo Seco-Granados

Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) increasingly rely on non-geostationary (NGSO) constellations that combine radio frequency (RF) feeder links (FLs) with free space optical (FSO) inter-satellite links (ISLs). Downlink performance in such…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-16 Abid Afridi , Alexis A. Dowhuszko , Jevgenij Krivochiza , Risto Wichman , Jyri Hämäläinen

In past years, non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) have emerged as a viable solution for providing ubiquitous connectivity for future wireless networks due to their ability to reach large geographical areas. However, the efficient integration…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Henri Alam , Antonio De Domenico , David López-Pérez , Florian Kaltenberger

Low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite systems have been deemed a promising key enabler for current 5G and the forthcoming 6G wireless networks. Such LEO satellite constellations can provide worldwide three-dimensional coverage, high data rate,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Mesut Toka , Byungju Lee , Jaehyup Seong , Aryan Kaushik , Juhwan Lee , Jungwoo Lee , Namyoon Lee , Wonjae Shin , H. Vincent Poor

The integration of non-terrestrial networks (NTN) into 5G new radio (NR) enables a new class of positioning capabilities based on cellular signals transmitted by Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. In this paper, we investigate joint…

Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations expand 5G coverage to remote regions but differ fundamentally from terrestrial networks due to rapidly changing topologies, fluctuating delays, and constrained onboard resources. Existing 3GPP Non-Access…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Arshiya Rezaie Hezaveh , Peng Hu

The presence of a super high rate, but also cost-efficient, easy-to-deploy, and scalable, backhaul/fronthaul framework is essential in the upcoming fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks \& beyond. Motivated by the mounting interest in the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-05-05 Mohamed Alzenad , Muhammad Zeeshan Shakir , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are bringing the Internet of Things (IoT) to the space arena, also known as non-terrestrial networks. Several IoT satellite applications for tracking ships and cargo can be seen as exemplary…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Federico Chiariotti , Olga Vikhrova , Beatriz Soret , Petar Popovski

Satellite networks are expected to support global connectivity and services via future integrated 6G space-terrestrial networks (STNs), as well as private non-geostationary satellite orbit (NGSO) constellations. In the past few years, many…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Andra M. Voicu , Abhipshito Bhattacharya , Marina Petrova

With the advent of the 6G era, global connectivity has become a common goal in the evolution of communications, aiming to bring Internet services to more unconnected regions. Additionally, the rise of applications such as the Internet of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Hao Lin , Mustafa A. Kishk , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

The Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a cellular access technology developed by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to provide wide area connectivity for the Internet of Things. Since its introduction in 3GPP Release 13,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Olof Liberg , Stefan Eriksson Löwenmark , Sebastian Euler , Björn Hofström , Talha Khan , Xingqin Lin , Jonas Sedin

As the transition from 5G to 6G unfolds, a substantial increase in Internet of Things (IoT) devices is expected, enabling seamless and pervasive connectivity across various applications. Accommodating this surge and meeting the high…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Estefanía Recayte , Carla Amatetti

This paper proposes a novel split learning architecture designed to exploit the cyclical movement of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites in non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). Although existing research focuses on offloading tasks to the NTN…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Marc Martinez-Gost , Ana Pérez-Neira

In recent years, the number of satellites in orbit has increased rapidly, with megaconstellations like Starlink providing near-global, delay-sensitive communication services. However, not all satellite communication use cases have stringent…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Ethan Fettes , Pablo G. Madoery , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Abhishek Naik , Stéphane Martel

In this work, we consider the resource allocation problem for task offloading from Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) devices, to a non-terrestrial network. The architecture considers clusters of IoMT devices that offload their tasks to a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-18 Alejandro Flores C. , Konstantinos Ntontin , Ashok Bandi , Symeon Chatzinotas

Computing tasks are ubiquitous in space missions. Conventionally, these tasks are offloaded to ground servers for computation, where the transmission of raw data on satellite-to-ground links severely constrains the performance. To overcome…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-18 Jiaqi Cao , Shengli Zhang , Qingxia Chen , Houtian Wang , Mingzhe Wang , Naijin Liu

The ever-increasing demand for ubiquitous, continuous, and high-quality services poses a great challenge to the traditional terrestrial network. To mitigate this problem, the mobile-edge-computing-enhanced low earth orbit (LEO) satellite…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Yantong Wang , Chuanfen Feng , Jiande Sun