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Deep reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful approach to complex decision making. However, one issue that limits its practical application is its brittleness, sometimes failing to train in the presence of small changes in the environment.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Jung-Hoon Cho , Vindula Jayawardana , Sirui Li , Cathy Wu

The idea of value-aware model learning, that models should produce accurate value estimates, has gained prominence in model-based reinforcement learning. The MuZero loss, which penalizes a model's value function prediction compared to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Claas Voelcker , Anastasiia Pedan , Arash Ahmadian , Romina Abachi , Igor Gilitschenski , Amir-massoud Farahmand

Reinforcement learning and symbolic planning have both been used to build intelligent autonomous agents. Reinforcement learning relies on learning from interactions with real world, which often requires an unfeasibly large amount of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-07 Fangkai Yang , Daoming Lyu , Bo Liu , Steven Gustafson

Recent developments in the field of model-based RL have proven successful in a range of environments, especially ones where planning is essential. However, such successes have been limited to deterministic fully-observed environments. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Sherjil Ozair , Yazhe Li , Ali Razavi , Ioannis Antonoglou , Aäron van den Oord , Oriol Vinyals

We propose a novel approach to addressing two fundamental challenges in Model-based Reinforcement Learning (MBRL): the computational expense of repeatedly finding a good policy in the learned model, and the objective mismatch between model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Anirudh Vemula , Yuda Song , Aarti Singh , J. Andrew Bagnell , Sanjiban Choudhury

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has emerged as a powerful model-free paradigm for learning optimal policies. However, in navigation tasks with cluttered environments, DRL methods often suffer from insufficient exploration, especially…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Licheng Luo , Mingyu Cai

The past decade has seen the rapid development of Reinforcement Learning, which acquires impressive performance with numerous training resources. However, one of the greatest challenges in RL is generalization efficiency (i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Qi Yang , Peng Yang , Ke Tang

Embodied planning requires agents to make coherent multi-step decisions based on dynamic visual observations and natural language goals. While recent vision-language models (VLMs) excel at static perception tasks, they struggle with the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Di Wu , Jiaxin Fan , Junzhe Zang , Guanbo Wang , Wei Yin , Wenhao Li , Bo Jin

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been widely used in many applications, particularly in gaming, which serves as an excellent training ground for AI models. Google DeepMind has pioneered innovations in this field, employing reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Abdelrhman Shaheen , Anas Badr , Ali Abohendy , Hatem Alsaadawy , Nadine Alsayad , Ehab H. El-Shazly

Despite of achieving great success in real-world applications, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is still suffering from three critical issues, i.e., data efficiency, lack of the interpretability and transferability. Recent research shows…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Hankz Hankui Zhuo , Shuting Deng , Mu Jin , Zhihao Ma , Kebing Jin , Chen Chen , Chao Yu

This note clarifies some confusions (and perhaps throws out more) around model-based reinforcement learning and their theoretical understanding in the context of deep RL. Main topics of discussion are (1) how to reconcile model-based RL's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Nan Jiang

Model-based planning holds great promise for improving both sample efficiency and generalization in reinforcement learning (RL). We show that energy-based models (EBMs) are a promising class of models to use for model-based planning. EBMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Yilun Du , Toru Lin , Igor Mordatch

The AlphaZero framework provides a standard way of combining Monte Carlo planning with prior knowledge provided by a previously trained policy-value neural network. AlphaZero usually assumes that the environment on which the neural network…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Isidoro Tamassia , Wendelin Böhmer

Model-based reinforcement learning has attracted wide attention due to its superior sample efficiency. Despite its impressive success so far, it is still unclear how to appropriately schedule the important hyperparameters to achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Hang Lai , Jian Shen , Weinan Zhang , Yimin Huang , Xing Zhang , Ruiming Tang , Yong Yu , Zhenguo Li

Top-performing Model-Based Reinforcement Learning (MBRL) agents, such as Dreamer, learn the world model by reconstructing the image observations. Hence, they often fail to discard task-irrelevant details and struggle to handle visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Fei Deng , Ingook Jang , Sungjin Ahn

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved outstanding results in recent years. This has led to a dramatic increase in the number of applications and methods. Recent works have explored learning beyond single-agent scenarios and have…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-10-21 Pablo Hernandez-Leal , Bilal Kartal , Matthew E. Taylor

Understanding the behavior of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agents -particularly as task and agent sophistication increase- requires more than simple comparison of reward curves, yet standard methods for behavioral analysis remain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Riley Simmons-Edler , Ryan P. Badman , Felix Baastad Berg , Raymond Chua , John J. Vastola , Joshua Lunger , William Qian , Kanaka Rajan

The increasing demand for autonomous systems in complex and dynamic environments has driven significant research into intelligent path planning methodologies. For decades, graph-based search algorithms, linear programming techniques, and…

Training large language models (LLMs) to reason via reinforcement learning (RL) significantly improves their problem-solving capabilities. In agentic settings, existing methods like ReAct prompt LLMs to explicitly plan before every action;…

For an intelligent agent to flexibly and efficiently operate in complex environments, they must be able to reason at multiple levels of temporal, spatial, and conceptual abstraction. At the lower levels, the agent must interpret their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Nishad Gothoskar , Miguel Lázaro-Gredilla , Dileep George
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