Related papers: A Kac Model with Exclusion
A review of those forms of standard quantum mechanics that include the Pauli Exclusion Principle as it is applied to atomic species, (that is versions of quantum that are multi-electron and multi-orbital) shows they are not consistent with…
We study a model of random colliding particles interacting with an infinite reservoir at fixed temperature and chemical potential. Interaction between the particles is modeled via a Kac master equation \cite{kac}. Moreover, particles can…
In this paper we consider the stochastic dynamics of a finite system of particles in a finite volume (Kac-like particle system) which annihilate with probability $\alpha \in (0,1)$ or collide elastically with probability $1-\alpha$. We…
All matter is made up of fermions -- one of the fundamental type of particles in nature. Fermions follow the Pauli exclusion principle, stating that two or more identical fermions cannot occupy the same quantum state. Antisymmetry of the…
We consider a system of $M$ particles in contact with a heat reservoir of $N\gg M$ particles. The evolution in the system and the reservoir, together with their interaction, are modeled via the Kac's Master Equation. We chose the initial…
A new quantum mechanical distribution function $n^I(\varepsilon)$, is derived for the condition $n \ge g$, where in contrast to the exclusion principle $n \le g$ for fermions, each energy state must be populated by at least one particle.…
The Pauli exclusion principle is a fundamental law underpinning the structure of matter. Due to their anti-symmetric wave function, no two fermions can occupy the same quantum state. Here, we report on the direct observation of the Pauli…
The best known manifestation of the Fermi-Dirac statistics is the Pauli exclusion principle: no two identical fermions can occupy the same one-particle state. This principle enforces high order correlations in systems of many identical…
We present a method for bounding, and in some cases computing, the spectral gap for systems of many particles evolving under the influence of a random collision mechanism. In particular, the method yields the exact spectral gap in a model…
We review the derivation of the Kac master equation model for random collisions of particles, its relationship to the Poisson process, and existing algorithms for simulating values from the marginal distribution of velocity for a single…
By the Pauli exclusion principle no quantum state can be occupied by more than one electron. One can put it as a constraint on the electron density matrix that bounds its eigenvalues by 1. Shortly after its discovery the Pauli principle has…
Condensation is characterized with a single macroscopic condensate whose mass is proportional to a system size $N$. We demonstrate how important particle interactions are in condensation phenomena. We study a modified version of the…
We analyze the large deviations for a discrete energy Kac-like walk. In particular, we exhibit a path, with probability exponentially small in the number of particles, that looses energy.
At time zero, there are $N$ identical point particles in the line (1D) which are characterized by their positions and velocities. Both values are given randomly and independently from each other, with arbitrary probability densities. Each…
Postulated by Pauli to explain the electronic structure of atoms and molecules, the exclusion principle establishes an upper bound of 1 for the fermionic natural occupation numbers $\{n_i\}$. A recent analysis of the pure…
Competitive exclusion, a key principle of ecology, can be generalized to understand many other complex systems. Individuals under surviving pressure tend to be different from others, and correlations among them change correspondingly to the…
Traditionally evolution is seen as a process where from a pool of possible variations of a population (e.g. biological species or industrial goods) a few variations get selected which survive and proliferate, whereas the others vanish.…
We present a study of exclusion process on a peculiar topology of network with two intersected lanes, competing for the particles in a reservoir with finite capacity. To provide a theoretical ground for our findings, we exploit mean-field…
We consider an exclusion process on a periodic one-dimensional lattice where all particles perform simple symmetric exclusion at rate $1$ except for a single tracer particle, which performs partially simple asymmetric exclusion with rate…
The Kac model is a simplified model of an $N$-particle system in which the collisions of a real particle system are modeled by random jumps of pairs of particle velocities. Kac proved propagation of chaos for this model, and hence provided…