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Despite the impressive results achieved by multimodal large language models (MLLMs), their training typically relies on jointly curated multimodal data, requiring substantial human effort to construct multi-way aligned datasets and thereby…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yan Li , Yunlong Deng , Yuewen Sun , Gongxu Luo , Kun Zhang , Guangyi Chen

Cross-modal alignment Learning integrates information from different modalities like text, image, audio and video to create unified models. This approach develops shared representations and learns correlations between modalities, enabling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Bilal Faye , Hanane Azzag , Mustapha Lebbah

Recent deep learning models can efficiently combine inputs from different modalities (e.g., images and text) and learn to align their latent representations, or to translate signals from one domain to another (as in image captioning, or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Benjamin Devillers , Léopold Maytié , Rufin VanRullen

Multimodal learning seeks to utilize data from multiple sources to improve the overall performance of downstream tasks. It is desirable for redundancies in the data to make multimodal systems robust to missing or corrupted observations in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Md Kaykobad Reza , Ashley Prater-Bennette , M. Salman Asif

Learning joint embedding space for various modalities is of vital importance for multimodal fusion. Mainstream modality fusion approaches fail to achieve this goal, leaving a modality gap which heavily affects cross-modal fusion. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Sijie Mai , Haifeng Hu , Songlong Xing

Multi-modal affective computing aims to automatically recognize and interpret human attitudes from diverse data sources such as images and text, thereby enhancing human-computer interaction and emotion understanding. Existing approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yuanhe Tian , Pengsen Cheng , Guoqing Jin , Lei Zhang , Yan Song

Pretrained vision-and-language BERTs aim to learn representations that combine information from both modalities. We propose a diagnostic method based on cross-modal input ablation to assess the extent to which these models actually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Stella Frank , Emanuele Bugliarello , Desmond Elliott

Multimodal Language Analysis is a demanding area of research, since it is associated with two requirements: combining different modalities and capturing temporal information. During the last years, several works have been proposed in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Panagiotis Koromilas , Theodoros Giannakopoulos

Recent advances in representation learning have demonstrated an ability to represent information from different modalities such as video, text, and audio in a single high-level embedding vector. In this work we present a self-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Alexander H. Liu , SouYoung Jin , Cheng-I Jeff Lai , Andrew Rouditchenko , Aude Oliva , James Glass

Automatic emotion recognition is an active research topic with wide range of applications. Due to the high manual annotation cost and inevitable label ambiguity, the development of emotion recognition dataset is limited in both scale and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-08 Jingjun Liang , Ruichen Li , Qin Jin

Due to the ever-growing diversity of the data source, multi-modality feature learning has attracted more and more attention. However, most of these methods are designed by jointly learning feature representation from multi-modalities that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Danfeng Hong , Jocelyn Chanussot , Naoto Yokoya , Jian Kang , Xiao Xiang Zhu

Multiple modalities often co-occur when describing natural phenomena. Learning a joint representation of these modalities should yield deeper and more useful representations. Previous generative approaches to multi-modal input either do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Mike Wu , Noah Goodman

Emotion recognition is a topic of significant interest in assistive robotics due to the need to equip robots with the ability to comprehend human behavior, facilitating their effective interaction in our society. Consequently, efficient and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Rutherford Agbeshi Patamia , Paulo E. Santos , Kingsley Nketia Acheampong , Favour Ekong , Kwabena Sarpong , She Kun

Contrastive loss has been increasingly used in learning representations from multiple modalities. In the limit, the nature of the contrastive loss encourages modalities to exactly match each other in the latent space. Yet it remains an open…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Qian Jiang , Changyou Chen , Han Zhao , Liqun Chen , Qing Ping , Son Dinh Tran , Yi Xu , Belinda Zeng , Trishul Chilimbi

Multimodal Machine Translation (MMT) aims to improve translation quality by leveraging auxiliary modalities such as images alongside textual input. While recent advances in large-scale pre-trained language and vision models have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Zhuang Yu , Shiliang Sun , Jing Zhao , Tengfei Song , Hao Yang

Learning multi-modal representations is an essential step towards real-world robotic applications, and various multi-modal fusion models have been developed for this purpose. However, we observe that existing models, whose objectives are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Chenzhuang Du , Tingle Li , Yichen Liu , Zixin Wen , Tianyu Hua , Yue Wang , Hang Zhao

Converting different modalities into general text, serving as input prompts for large language models (LLMs), is a common method to align multimodal models when there is limited pairwise data. This text-centric approach leverages the unique…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Ting-Yu Yen , Yun-Da Tsai , Keng-Te Liao , Shou-De Lin

Traditional multimodal learners find unified representations for tasks like visual question answering, but rely heavily on paired datasets. However, an overlooked yet potentially powerful question is: can one leverage auxiliary unpaired…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Sharut Gupta , Shobhita Sundaram , Chenyu Wang , Stefanie Jegelka , Phillip Isola

Multimodal learning is defined as learning over multiple heterogeneous input modalities such as video, audio, and text. In this work, we are concerned with understanding how models behave as the type of modalities differ between training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Brandon McKinzie , Joseph Cheng , Vaishaal Shankar , Yinfei Yang , Jonathon Shlens , Alexander Toshev

Cross-modal generalization aims to learn a shared discrete representation space from multimodal pairs, enabling knowledge transfer across unannotated modalities. However, achieving a unified representation for all modality pairs requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Yan Xia , Hai Huang , Minghui Fang , Zhou Zhao