Related papers: NSF Convergence Approach to Transition Basic Resea…
Open Science aims to foster openness and collaboration in research, leading to more significant scientific and social impact. However, practicing Open Science comes with several challenges and is currently not properly rewarded. In this…
The transition to Open Science necessitates robust and reliable metadata. While national initiatives, such as the French Open Science Monitor, aim to track this evolution using open data, reliance on proprietary databases persists in many…
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are currently adopted to solve an ever greater number of problems, ranging from speech recognition to image classification and segmentation. The large amount of processing required by CNNs calls for…
In the context of advancing 6G, a substantial paradigm shift is anticipated, highlighting comprehensive everything-to-everything interactions characterized by numerous connections and stringent adherence to Quality of Service/Experience…
One important question for science and society is how to best promote scientific progress. Inspired by the great success of Hilbert's famous set of problems, the FuturICT project tries to stimulate and focus the efforts of many scientists…
There is a mounting crisis in delivering affordable healthcare in the US. For decades, key decision makers in the public and private sectors have considered cost-effectiveness in healthcare a top priority. Their actions have focused on…
Semiconductor innovation drives improvements to technologies that are critical to modern society. The country that successfully accelerates semiconductor innovation is positioned to lead future semiconductor-driven industries and benefit…
This work describes numerical methods that are useful in many areas: examples include statistical modelling (bioinformatics, computational biology), theoretical physics, and even pure mathematics. The methods are primarily useful for the…
Machine Learning (ML) is driving a revolution in the way scientists design, develop, and deploy data-intensive software. However, the adoption of ML presents new challenges for the computing infrastructure, particularly in terms of…
The advent of tiny artificial intelligence (AI) accelerators enables AI to run at the extreme edge, offering reduced latency, lower power cost, and improved privacy. When integrated into wearable devices, these accelerators open exciting…
With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), AI agents have demonstrated increasing proficiency in scientific tasks, ranging from hypothesis generation and experimental design to manuscript writing. Such agent systems are…
In the world of Information Technology, new computing paradigms, driven by requirements of different classes of problems and applications, emerge rapidly. These new computing paradigms pose many new research challenges. Researchers from…
The great promise of quantum computers comes with the dual challenges of building them and finding their useful applications. We argue that these two challenges should be considered together, by co-designing full-stack quantum computer…
Social metaverse is a shared digital space combining a series of interconnected virtual worlds for users to play, shop, work, and socialize. In parallel with the advances of artificial intelligence (AI) and growing awareness of data privacy…
The COVID-19 pandemic has galvanized the machine learning community to create new solutions that can help in the fight against the virus. The body of literature related to applications of machine learning and artificial intelligence to…
Phase transition from the human-limited, "analogue" way of research enquiry to the silicon-based, artificial intelligence (AI)-powered digital science is forthcoming. To facilitate this transition, I propose three project ideas: 1)…
Self-driving labs (SDLs) leverage combinations of artificial intelligence, automation, and advanced computing to accelerate scientific discovery. The promise of this field has given rise to a rich community of passionate scientists,…
The innovations emerging at the frontier of artificial intelligence (AI) are poised to create historic opportunities for humanity but also raise complex policy challenges. Continued progress in frontier AI carries the potential for profound…
The world has seen in 2020 an unprecedented global outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, a new strain of coronavirus, causing the COVID-19 pandemic, and radically changing our lives and work conditions. Many scientists are working tirelessly to find a…
Containment, the key strategy in quickly halting an epidemic, requires rapid identification and quarantine of the infected individuals, determination of whom they have had close contact with in the previous days and weeks, and…