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We introduce a total order and the absolute value function for dual numbers. The absolute value function of dual numbers are with dual number values, and have properties similar to the properties of the absolute value function of real…

A new nonparametric estimator of a convex regression function in any dimension is proposed and its convergence properties are studied. We start by using any estimator of the regression function and we \emph{convexify} it by taking the…

Using some simple combinatorial arguments, we establish some new estimates for the prime counting function and its allied functions. In particular we show that \begin{align}\pi(x)=\Theta(x)+O\bigg(\frac{1}{\log x}\bigg), \nonumber…

We derive properties of $\pi(x)$ reminiscent of those of the logarithm and absolute value functions. Two of these properties are similar to the relations defining the linearity of a function. Several applications of these properties of…

We investigate the Mellin transforms of \(1/\operatorname{arctanh} x\) and \(1/(\sqrt{1-x^{2}}\,\operatorname{arctanh} x)\), viewed as compactly supported functions on \((0,1)\). These transforms are closely connected with conjectures on…

Integral transformations are used to estimate high order derivatives of various special functions. Applications are given to numerical integration, where estimates of high order derivatives of the integrand are needed to achieve bounds on…

Let $M(x)=\sum_{1\le n\le x}\mu(n)$ where $\mu$ is the M\"obius function. It is well-known that the Riemann Hypothesis is equivalent to the assertion that $M(x)=O(x^{1/2+\epsilon})$ for all $\epsilon>0$. There has been much interest and…

In an inverse problem, such as the determination of brain activity given magnetic field measurements outside the head, the main quantity of interest is often the power associated with a source. The `standard' way to determine this has been…

In distributed optimization and distributed numerical linear algebra, we often encounter an inversion bias: if we want to compute a quantity that depends on the inverse of a sum of distributed matrices, then the sum of the inverses does not…

We develop a numerical approach for computing the additive, multiplicative and compressive convolution operations from free probability theory. We utilize the regularity properties of free convolution to identify (pairs of) `admissible'…

Let $\gamma$ denote imaginary parts of complex zeros of the Riemann zeta-function $\zeta(s)$. Certain sums over the $\gamma$'s are evaluated, by using the function $G(s) = \sum_{\gamma>0}\gamma^{-s}$ and other techniques. Some integrals…

Bernstein's theorem (also called Hausdorff--Bernstein--Widder theorem) enables the integral representation of a completely monotonic function. We introduce a finite completely monotonic function, which is a completely monotonic function…

The formulation of a new analysis on a zero measure Cantor set $C (\subset I=[0,1])$ is presented. A non-archimedean absolute value is introduced in $C$ exploiting the concept of {\em relative} infinitesimals and a scale invariant…

In this paper we first establish new explicit estimates for Chebyshev's $\vartheta$-function. Applying these new estimates, we derive new upper and lower bounds for some functions defined over the prime numbers, for instance the prime…

The metrical theory of the product of consecutive partial quotients is associated with the uniform Diophantine approximation, specifically to the improvements to Dirichlet's theorem. Achieving some variant forms of metrical theory in…

A nonnegative martingale with initial value equal to one measures evidence against a probabilistic hypothesis. The inverse of its value at some stopping time can be interpreted as a Bayes factor. If we exaggerate the evidence by considering…

We consider the problem of estimating the slope parameter in circular functional linear regression, where scalar responses Y1,...,Yn are modeled in dependence of 1-periodic, second order stationary random functions X1,...,Xn. We consider an…

We study computational methods for the approximation of special functions recurrent in geometric function theory and quasiconformal mapping theory. The functions studied can be expressed as quotients of complete elliptic integrals and as…

We prove that the inverse of a positive-definite matrix can be approximated by a weighted-sum of a small number of matrix exponentials. Combining this with a previous result [OSV12], we establish an equivalence between matrix inversion and…

For each nonempty integer partition $\pi$, we define the maximal excludant of $\pi$ to be the largest nonnegative integer smaller than the largest part of $\pi$ that is not a part of $\pi$. Let $\sigma\!\operatorname{maex}(n)$ be the sum of…