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Transformer architectures have achieved remarkable success in various domains. While efficient alternatives to Softmax Attention have been widely studied, the search for more expressive mechanisms grounded in theoretical insight-even at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Yifei Zuo , Yutong Yin , Zhichen Zeng , Ang Li , Banghua Zhu , Zhaoran Wang

The brain can reproduce memories from partial data; this ability is critical for memory recall. The process of memory recall has been studied using auto-associative networks such as the Hopfield model. This kind of model reliably converges…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-05-18 James P. Roach , Leonard M Sander , Michal R. Zochowski

Weighted finite automata (WFA) can expressively model functions defined over strings but are inherently linear models. Given the recent successes of nonlinear models in machine learning, it is natural to wonder whether ex-tending WFA to the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-12-22 Tianyu Li , Guillaume Rabusseau , Doina Precup

Taking into account high-order interactions among covariates is valuable in many practical regression problems. This is, however, computationally challenging task because the number of high-order interaction features to be considered would…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-06-29 Kazuya Nakagawa , Shinya Suzumura , Masayuki Karasuyama , Koji Tsuda , Ichiro Takeuchi

Recurrent spiking neural networks (RSNN) in the human brain learn to perform a wide range of perceptual, cognitive and motor tasks very efficiently in terms of energy consumption and requires very few examples. This motivates the search for…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-03-22 Paolo Muratore , Cristiano Capone , Pier Stanislao Paolucci

The complex and unique neural network topology of the human brain formed through natural evolution enables it to perform multiple cognitive functions simultaneously. Automated evolutionary mechanisms of biological network structure inspire…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Wenxuan Pan , Feifei Zhao , Zhuoya Zhao , Yi Zeng

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) as Machine Learning (ML) models have recently received a lot of attention as a potentially more energy-efficient alternative to conventional Artificial Neural Networks. The non-differentiability and sparsity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Maximilian Gollwitzer , Felix Dietrich

Spiking Neural Network (SNN) is considered more biologically realistic and power-efficient as it imitates the fundamental mechanism of the human brain. Recently, backpropagation (BP) based SNN learning algorithms that utilize deep learning…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Chengting Yu , Yangkai Du , Mufeng Chen , Aili Wang , Gaoang Wang , Erping Li

Attention-based models have been widely used in many areas, such as computer vision and natural language processing. However, relevant applications in time series classification (TSC) have not been explored deeply yet, causing a significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Bowen Zhao , Huanlai Xing , Xinhan Wang , Fuhong Song , Zhiwen Xiao

Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is a statistical method for identifying and confirming the presence of latent factors among observed variables through the analysis of their covariance structure. Compared to alternative factor models, CFA…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-08 Yifan Yang , Tianzhou Ma , Chuan Bi , Shuo Chen

Local learning offers an alternative to traditional end-to-end back-propagation in deep neural networks, significantly reducing GPU memory consumption. Although it has shown promise in image classification tasks, its extension to other…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Feiyu Zhu , Yuming Zhang , Xiuyuan Guo , Hengyu Shi , Junfeng Luo , Junhao Su , Jialin Gao

Scientists often use observational time series data to study complex natural processes, but regression analyses often assume simplistic dynamics. Recent advances in deep learning have yielded startling improvements to the performance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Cory Shain , William Schuler

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are bio-plausible computing models with high energy efficiency. The temporal dynamics of neurons and synapses enable them to detect temporal patterns and generate sequences. While Backpropagation Through Time…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Zhenhang Zhang , Jingang Jin , Haowen Fang , Qinru Qiu

Random-feature-based attention (RFA) is an efficient approximation of softmax attention with linear runtime and space complexity. However, the approximation gap between RFA and conventional softmax attention is not well studied. Built upon…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Lin Zheng , Jianbo Yuan , Chong Wang , Lingpeng Kong

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are distributed trainable systems whose computing elements, or neurons, are characterized by internal analog dynamics and by digital and sparse synaptic communications. The sparsity of the synaptic spiking…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Hyeryung Jang , Osvaldo Simeone , Brian Gardner , André Grüning

Many data-driven approaches exist to extract neural representations of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, but most of them lack a proper probabilistic formulation. We propose a group level scalable probabilistic sparse…

Integrating Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) with Transformer architectures offers a promising pathway to balance energy efficiency and performance, particularly for edge vision applications. However, existing Spiking Transformers face two…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Dehao Zhang , Fukai Guo , Shuai Wang , Jingya Wang , Jieyuan Zhang , Yimeng Shan , Malu Zhang , Yang Yang , Haizhou Li

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are brain-inspired mathematical models with the ability to process information in the form of spikes. SNNs are expected to provide not only new machine-learning algorithms, but also energy-efficient…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Yusuke Sakemi , Kai Morino , Takashi Morie , Kazuyuki Aihara

Neuroscience is experiencing a data revolution in which many hundreds or thousands of neurons are recorded simultaneously. Currently, there is little consensus on how such data should be analyzed. Here we introduce LFADS (Latent Factor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-08-24 David Sussillo , Rafal Jozefowicz , L. F. Abbott , Chethan Pandarinath

We present a formal and constructive theory showing that probabilistic finite automata (PFAs) can be exactly simulated using symbolic feedforward neural networks. Our architecture represents state distributions as vectors and transitions as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Sahil Rajesh Dhayalkar
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