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In a dense plasma environment, the energy levels of an ion shift relative to the isolated ion values. This shift is reflected in the optical spectrum of the plasma and can be measured in, for example, emission experiments. In this work, we…
The temperature distribution of the emitting plasma is a crucial constraint when studying the heating of solar flare footpoints. However, determining this for impulsive phase footpoints has been difficult in the past due to insufficient…
We present the results of direct simulation of the expansionof a two-component ultracold plasmafor various numbers of particles, densities, and electron temperatures. A description of the expansionprocess common to all plasma parameters is…
As new laser facilities are developed with intensities on the scale of 10^22 - 10^24 W cm^-2 , it becomes ever more important to understand the effect of strong field quantum electrodynamics processes, such as quantum radiation reaction,…
This paper investigates the temporal evolution of temperature, emission measure, energy loss and velocity in a C-class solar flare from both an observational and theoretical perspective. The properties of the flare were derived by following…
In the present work, the critical temperature, critical pressure and critical density, known as the critical parameters related to the liquid-gas phase transition are calculated for 34 relativistic mean-field models, which were shown to…
This paper presents a simplified theoretical model for the study of emission from laser produced plasma to better understand the processes and the factors involved in the onset of saturation in plasma emission as well as in increasing…
We investigate seven eruptive plasma observations by Hinode/XRT. Their corresponding EUV and/or white light CME features are visible in some events. Five events are observed in several passbands in X-rays, which allows the determination of…
To expand on recent work, we introduce collisional terms in the analysis of the warm ion-electron, two-fluid equations for a homogeneous plasma at rest. Consequently, the plasma is now described by six variables: the magnetisation, the…
We have used the free expansion of ultracold neutral plasmas as a time-resolved probe of electron temperature. A combination of experimental measurements of the ion expansion velocity and numerical simulations characterize the crossover…
A Rydberg gas of NO entrained in a supersonic molecular beam releases electrons as it evolves to form an ultracold plasma. The size of this signal, compared with that extracted by the subsequent application of a pulsed electric field,…
Time integrated spectroscopic measurements are carried out to characterize transient plasma stream produced in a coaxial pulsed plasma accelerator. This method allows the estimation of different plasma parameters and its evolution with…
The plasma analog of an adiabatic lapse rate (or temperature variation with height) in atmospheric physics is obtained. A new source of plasma temperature gradient in a binary ion species mixture is found that is proportional to the…
In this Letter we investigate factors that influence the effective critical electric field for runaway-electron generation in plasmas. We present numerical solutions of the kinetic equation and discuss the implications for the threshold…
The evolution of the gluon plasma produced with saturation initial conditions is calculated via transport theory for nuclear collisions with 0.1 <sqrt(s) <10 A TeV. The effective longitudinal pressure is found to remain significantly below…
Aims: To calculate the power budget for electron acceleration and the efficiency of the plasma emission mechanism in a post-flare decimetric continuum source. Methods: We have imaged a high brightness temperature ($\sim 10^{9}$K) post-flare…
Thermodynamic quantities of Coulomb plasmas consisting of point-like ions immersed in a compressible, polarizable electron background are calculated for ion charges Z=1 to 26 and for a wide domain of plasma parameters ranging from the…
We present an approach which allows the consistent treatment of bound states in the context of the dc conductivity in dense partially ionized noble gas plasmas. Besides electron-ion and electron-electron collisions, further collision…
The impulsive phase of solar flares is a time of rapid energy deposition and heating in the lower solar atmosphere, leading to changes in the temperature and density structure of the region. We use an O V density diagnostic formed of the…
Atmospheric pressure steam/oxygen plasma is generated by a 88 Hz, 6kV AC power supply. The properties of the produced plasma are investigated by optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The relative intensity, rotational, vibrational,…