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Recently many methods have been proposed to create the vector fields, due to the academic interest and a variety of attractive applications such as for particle acceleration, optical trapping, particle manipulation, and fluorescence…
We study the nonlinear optical propagation of two different classes of space-varying polarized light beams -- radially symmetric vector beams and Poincar\'e beams with lemon and star topologies -- in a rubidium vapour cell. Unlike…
Vector vortex beams, featuring independent spatial modes in orthogonal polarization components, offer an increase in information density for emerging applications in both classical and quantum communication technology. Recent advances in…
We present a simple and convenient method to yield cylindrical vector (CV) beams and realize its polarization evolution on higher-order Poincare sphere based on inhomogeneous birefringent metasurface. By means of local polarization…
It was recently realized that the polarization bases of the plane-wave modes in the integral representation of a light beam need to be determined by a degree of freedom arising from the divergence-free Maxwell's equation. This is a…
A wide class of nonuniformly totally polarized beams is introduced that preserve their transverse polarization pattern during paraxial propagation. They are obtained as suitable combinations of Gaussian modes and find applications in…
This work unveils a novel and fundamental connection between structured light and topological field theory by showing how the natural geometrical setting for paraxial vector beams is that of a $SU(2)$ principal bundle over…
Coherent vector beams with involved states of polarization (SOP) are widespread in the literature, having applications in laser processing, super-resolution imaging and particle trapping. We report novel vector beams obtained by…
The topological phase acquired by vector vortex optical beams is investigated. Under local unitary operations on their polarization and transverse degrees of freedom, the vector vortices can only acquire discrete geometric phase values, 0…
In a recent paper, Mansuripur et al. [Phys. Rev. A 84, 033813 (2011)] indicated and numerically verified the generation of the helical wavefront of optical beams using a conical-shape reflector. Because the optical reflection is largely…
Various applications ranging from robotics to climate science require modeling signals on non-Euclidean domains, such as the sphere. Gaussian process models on manifolds have recently been proposed for such tasks, in particular when…
Complex vector modes have become topical of late due to their fascinating properties and the many applications they have found across a broad variety of research fields. Even though such modes can be generated in a wide variety of ways,…
Here we employ both dynamic and geometric phase control of light to produce radially modulated vector-vortex modes, the natural modes of optical fibers. We then measure these modes using a vector modal decomposition set-up as well as a…
We investigate theoretical properties of beams of light with non-uniform polarization patterns. Specifically, we determine all possible configurations of cylindrically polarized modes (CPMs) of the electro-magnetic field, calculate their…
We present an approach to fully characterize the polarization of general vector light beams. When attempting to generalize the notion of Stokes parameters to nonparaxial light beams in momentum space, we find that the Jones function that…
We propose that the full Poincar\'{e} beam with any polarization geometries can be pictorially described by the hybrid-order Poincar\'{e} sphere whose eigenstates are defined as a fundamental-mode Gaussian beam and a Laguerre-Gauss beam. A…
To exploit the full potential of the transverse spatial structure of light using the Laguerre-Gaussian basis, it is necessary to control the azimuthal and radial components of the photons. Vortex phase elements are commonly used to generate…
Model equations for describing and efficiently computing the radiation profiles of tightly spherically-focused higher-order electromagnetic beams of vortex nature are derived stemming from a vectorial analysis with the complex-source-point…
A vectorial optical mode converter that can transform an orthogonal set of multiple input vector beams into another orthogonal set of vector beams is attractive for a wide range of applications in optics and photonics. While multi-plane…
Vector beam, with a spatial nonuniform polarization distribution, is important for many applications due to its unique field characteristics and novel effects when interacting with matter. Here through three-dimensional particle-in-cell…