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Adversarial examples (AEs) for DNNs have been shown to be transferable: AEs that successfully fool white-box surrogate models can also deceive other black-box models with different architectures. Although a bunch of empirical studies have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Yechao Zhang , Shengshan Hu , Leo Yu Zhang , Junyu Shi , Minghui Li , Xiaogeng Liu , Wei Wan , Hai Jin

In a model inversion (MI) attack, an adversary abuses access to a machine learning (ML) model to infer and reconstruct private training data. Remarkable progress has been made in the white-box and black-box setups, where the adversary has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Ngoc-Bao Nguyen , Keshigeyan Chandrasegaran , Milad Abdollahzadeh , Ngai-Man Cheung

Deep learning models are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which can fool a target classifier by imposing imperceptible perturbations onto natural examples. In this work, we consider the practical and challenging decision-based black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Qi-An Fu , Yinpeng Dong , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Adversarial attacks have become a significant challenge in the security of machine learning models, particularly in the context of black-box defense strategies. Existing methods for enhancing adversarial transferability primarily focus on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yayin Zheng , Chen Wan , Zihong Guo , Hailing Kuang , Xiaohai Lu

We design blackbox transfer-based targeted adversarial attacks for an environment where the attacker's source model and the target blackbox model may have disjoint label spaces and training datasets. This scenario significantly differs from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Nathan Inkawhich , Kevin J Liang , Jingyang Zhang , Huanrui Yang , Hai Li , Yiran Chen

Adversarial examples are known as carefully perturbed images fooling image classifiers. We propose a geometric framework to generate adversarial examples in one of the most challenging black-box settings where the adversary can only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Ali Rahmati , Seyed-Mohsen Moosavi-Dezfooli , Pascal Frossard , Huaiyu Dai

Deep Learning (DL) is rapidly maturing to the point that it can be used in safety- and security-crucial applications. However, adversarial samples, which are undetectable to the human eye, pose a serious threat that can cause the model to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Firuz Juraev , Mohammed Abuhamad , Eric Chan-Tin , George K. Thiruvathukal , Tamer Abuhmed

Deep neural networks are facing severe threats from adversarial attacks. Most existing black-box attacks fool target model by generating either global perturbations or local patches. However, both global perturbations and local patches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Chao Zhou , Yuan-Gen Wang , Guopu Zhu

Transferable adversarial attack is always in the spotlight since deep learning models have been demonstrated to be vulnerable to adversarial samples. However, existing physical attack methods do not pay enough attention on transferability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Yu Zhang , Zhiqiang Gong , Yichuang Zhang , YongQian Li , Kangcheng Bin , Jiahao Qi , Wei Xue , Ping Zhong

We focus on the problem of black-box adversarial attacks, where the aim is to generate adversarial examples for deep learning models solely based on information limited to output label~(hard label) to a queried data input. We propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Satya Narayan Shukla , Anit Kumar Sahu , Devin Willmott , J. Zico Kolter

Though deep neural networks perform challenging tasks excellently, they are susceptible to adversarial examples, which mislead classifiers by applying human-imperceptible perturbations on clean inputs. Under the query-free black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Zifei Zhang , Kai Qiao , Jian Chen , Ningning Liang

The transferability of adversarial examples is a key issue in the security of deep neural networks. The possibility of an adversarial example crafted for a source model fooling another targeted model makes the threat of adversarial attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Thibault Maho , Seyed-Mohsen Moosavi-Dezfooli , Teddy Furon

It is widely recognized that deep learning models lack robustness to adversarial examples. An intriguing property of adversarial examples is that they can transfer across different models, which enables black-box attacks without any…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Huanran Chen , Yichi Zhang , Yinpeng Dong , Xiao Yang , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known to be susceptible to adversarial examples, leading to significant performance degradation. In black-box attack scenarios, a considerable attack performance gap between the surrogate model and the target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Haijing Guo , Jiafeng Wang , Zhaoyu Chen , Kaixun Jiang , Lingyi Hong , Pinxue Guo , Jinglun Li , Wenqiang Zhang

Black-box hard-label adversarial attack on text is a practical and challenging task, as the text data space is inherently discrete and non-differentiable, and only the predicted label is accessible. Research on this problem is still in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Han Liu , Zhi Xu , Xiaotong Zhang , Feng Zhang , Fenglong Ma , Hongyang Chen , Hong Yu , Xianchao Zhang

Explainable AI is a strong strategy implemented to understand complex black-box model predictions in a human interpretable language. It provides the evidence required to execute the use of trustworthy and reliable AI systems. On the other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Esther Chiramal , Kelvin Soh Boon Kai

We propose a simple and highly query-efficient black-box adversarial attack named SWITCH, which has a state-of-the-art performance in the score-based setting. SWITCH features a highly efficient and effective utilization of the gradient of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Chen Ma , Shuyu Cheng , Li Chen , Jun Zhu , Junhai Yong

Transferable Targeted Attacks (TTAs) face significant challenges due to severe overfitting to surrogate models. Recent breakthroughs heavily rely on large-scale training data of victim models, while data-free solutions, \textit{i.e.}, image…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Yongxiang Liu , Bowen Peng , Li Liu , Xiang Li

By injecting a small number of poisoned samples into the training set, backdoor attacks aim to make the victim model produce designed outputs on any input injected with pre-designed backdoors. In order to achieve a high attack success rate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Minlong Peng , Zidi Xiong , Quang H. Nguyen , Mingming Sun , Khoa D. Doan , Ping Li

Deep neural networks provide unprecedented performance in all image classification problems, taking advantage of huge amounts of data available for training. Recent studies, however, have shown their vulnerability to adversarial attacks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Diego Gragnaniello , Francesco Marra , Giovanni Poggi , Luisa Verdoliva