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In neuroscience, attention has been shown to bidirectionally interact with reinforcement learning (RL) processes. This interaction is thought to support dimensionality reduction of task representations, restricting computations to relevant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Lennart Bramlage , Aurelio Cortese

Enabling humans to identify potential flaws in an agent's decision making is an important Explainable AI application. We consider identifying such flaws in a planning-based deep reinforcement learning (RL) agent for a complex real-time…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Kin-Ho Lam , Zhengxian Lin , Jed Irvine , Jonathan Dodge , Zeyad T Shureih , Roli Khanna , Minsuk Kahng , Alan Fern

Embodied agents, such as robots and virtual characters, must continuously select actions to execute tasks effectively, solving complex sequential decision-making problems. Given the difficulty of designing such controllers manually,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Pedro Santana

Currently, deep reinforcement learning (RL) shows impressive results in complex gaming and robotic environments. Often these results are achieved at the expense of huge computational costs and require an incredible number of episodes of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Alexey Skrynnik , Aleksey Staroverov , Ermek Aitygulov , Kirill Aksenov , Vasilii Davydov , Aleksandr I. Panov

Owe to the recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence especially deep learning, many data-driven decision support systems have been implemented to facilitate medical doctors in delivering personalized care. We focus on the deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Siqi Liu , Kee Yuan Ngiam , Mengling Feng

Different from what happens for most types of software systems, testing video games has largely remained a manual activity performed by human testers. This is mostly due to the continuous and intelligent user interaction video games…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Rosalia Tufano , Simone Scalabrino , Luca Pascarella , Emad Aghajani , Rocco Oliveto , Gabriele Bavota

Large language models (LLMs) excel at complex reasoning tasks such as mathematics and coding, yet they frequently struggle with simple interactive tasks that young children perform effortlessly. This discrepancy highlights a critical gap…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Yi Liao , Yu Gu , Yuan Sui , Zining Zhu , Yifan Lu , Guohua Tang , Zhongqian Sun , Wei Yang

This abstract proposes an approach towards goal-oriented modeling of the detection and modeling complex social phenomena in multiparty discourse in an online political strategy game. We developed a two-tier approach that first encodes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Hansin Ahuja , Lynnette Hui Xian Ng , Kokil Jaidka

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a learning paradigm concerned with learning to control a system so as to maximize an objective over the long term. This approach to learning has received immense interest in recent times and success manifests…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-07-26 Sanyam Kapoor

Communication via natural language is a key aspect of machine intelligence, and it requires computational models to learn and reason about world concepts, with varying levels of supervision. Significant progress has been made on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Prateek Chhikara , Jiarui Zhang , Filip Ilievski , Jonathan Francis , Kaixin Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as one of the most significant technological advancements in artificial intelligence in recent years. Their ability to understand, generate, and reason with natural language has transformed how we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Yanfei Zhang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) in games has gained significant momentum in recent years, enabling the creation of different agent behaviors that can transform a player's gaming experience. However, deploying RL agents in production…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 António Afonso , Iolanda Leite , Alessandro Sestini , Florian Fuchs , Konrad Tollmar , Linus Gisslén

Interactive recommendation aims to learn from dynamic interactions between items and users to achieve responsiveness and accuracy. Reinforcement learning is inherently advantageous for coping with dynamic environments and thus has attracted…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Xiaocong Chen , Chaoran Huang , Lina Yao , Xianzhi Wang , Wei Liu , Wenjie Zhang

Maneuvering in dense traffic is a challenging task for autonomous vehicles because it requires reasoning about the stochastic behaviors of many other participants. In addition, the agent must achieve the maneuver within a limited time and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Maxime Bouton , Alireza Nakhaei , David Isele , Kikuo Fujimura , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

While reinforcement learning (RL) has been successful in natural language processing (NLP) domains such as dialogue generation and text-based games, it typically faces the problem of sparse rewards that leads to slow or no convergence.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Ameet Deshpande , Eve Fleisig

The deployment of reinforcement learning (RL) in the real world comes with challenges in calibrating user trust and expectations. As a step toward developing RL systems that are able to communicate their competencies, we present a method of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Aastha Acharya , Rebecca Russell , Nisar R. Ahmed

While deep reinforcement learning techniques have led to agents that are successfully able to learn to perform a number of tasks that had been previously unlearnable, these techniques are still susceptible to the longstanding problem of…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Nicholas Waytowich , Sean L. Barton , Vernon Lawhern , Ethan Stump , Garrett Warnell

Reinforcement learning agents deployed in the real world often have to cope with partially observable environments. Therefore, most agents employ memory mechanisms to approximate the state of the environment. Recently, there have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Fabian Paischer , Thomas Adler , Markus Hofmarcher , Sepp Hochreiter

A variety of machine learning models have been proposed to assess the performance of players in professional sports. However, they have only a limited ability to model how player performance depends on the game context. This paper proposes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-17 Guiliang Liu , Oliver Schulte

Effective decision making involves flexibly relating past experiences and relevant contextual information to a novel situation. In deep reinforcement learning (RL), the dominant paradigm is for an agent to amortise information that helps…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Peter C. Humphreys , Arthur Guez , Olivier Tieleman , Laurent Sifre , Théophane Weber , Timothy Lillicrap