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Let A be a finite subset of $\nat$. Then NIM(A;n) is the following 2-player game: initially there are $n$ stones on the board and the players alternate removing $a\in A$ stones. The first player who cannot move loses. This game has been…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-13 William Gasarch , John Purtilo , Douglas Ulrich

We consider a game with two players, consisting of a number of rounds, where the first player to win $n$ rounds becomes the overall winner. Who wins each individual round is governed by a certain urn having two types of balls (type 1 and…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-05 Stanislav Volkov , Magnus Wiktorsson

This paper studies sequential quantum games under the assumption that the moves of the players are drawn from groups and not just plain sets. The extra group structure makes possible to easily derive some very general results characterizing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Theodore Andronikos

We study the complexity of solving two-player infinite duration games played on a fixed finite graph, where the control of a node is not predetermined but rather assigned randomly. In classic random-turn games, control of each node is…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Sarvin Bahmani , Rasmus Ibsen-Jensen , Soumyajit Paul , Sven Schewe , Friedrich Slivovsky , Qiyi Tang , Dominik Wojtczak , Shufang Zhu

In this paper we investigate a differential game in which countably many dynamical objects pursue a single one. All the players perform simple motions. The duration of the game is fixed. The controls of a group of pursuers are subject to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-10-10 Mehdi Salimi , Gafurjan Ibragimov , Stefan Siegmund , Somayeh Sharifi

We study games with finitely many participants, each having finitely many choices. We consider the following categories of participants: (I) populations: sets of nonatomic agents, (II) atomic splittable players, (III) atomic non splittable…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-10-22 Sylvain Sorin , Cheng Wan

We study an impartial game introduced by Anderson and Harary. The game is played by two players who alternately choose previously-unselected elements of a finite group. The first player who builds a generating set from the jointly-selected…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-12 Bret J. Benesh , Dana C. Ernst , Nandor Sieben

We revisit the two-player planar target-defense game initially posed by Isaacs where a pursuer (or defender) attempts to guard a target set from an attack by an evader (or attacker). This paper builds on existing analytical solutions to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-04 Yoonjae Lee , Efstathios Bakolas

The game of Hex has two players who take turns placing stones of their respective colors on the hexagons of a rhombus-shaped hexagonal grid. Black wins by completing a crossing between two opposite edges, while White wins by completing a…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-02-25 Yuval Peres , Oded Schramm , Scott Sheffield , David B. Wilson

The authors present formulas for the previous player's winning positions of two variants of restricted Nim. In both of these two games, there is one pile of stones, and in the first variant, we investigate the case that in k-th turn, you…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-01 Keita Mizugaki , Shoei Takahashi , Hikaru Manabe , Aoi Murakami , Ryohei Miyadera

We provide a criterion for determining the winner in two-player win-lose alternating-move games on trees, in terms of the Hausdorff dimension of the target set. We focus our study on special cases, including the Gale-Stewart game on the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-05-14 Itamar Bellaïche , Auriel Rosenzweig

We introduce and study pawn games, a class of two-player zero-sum turn-based graph games. A turn-based graph game proceeds by placing a token on an initial vertex, and whoever controls the vertex on which the token is located, chooses its…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Guy Avni , Pranav Ghorpade , Shibashis Guha

In the game of Graph Nimors, two players alternately perform graph minor operations (deletion and contraction of edges) on a graph until no edges remain, at which point the player who last moved wins. We present theoretical and experimental…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-15 Matthew Skala

Subtraction games are played with one or more heaps of tokens, with players taking turns removing from a single heap a number of tokens belonging to a specified subtraction set; the last player to move wins. We describe how to compute the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-19 David Eppstein

We introduce and study Minkowski games. These are two player games, where the players take turns to chose positions in $\mathbb{R}^d$ based on some rules. Variants include boundedness games, where one player wants to keep the positions…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-28 Stéphane Le Roux , Arno Pauly , Jean-François Raskin

By resorting to the vector space structure of finite games, skew-symmetric games (SSGs) are proposed and investigated as a natural subspace of finite games. First of all, for two player games, it is shown that the skew-symmetric games form…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-12-11 Yaqi Hao , Daizhan Cheng

Subtraction games are a classical topic in Combinatorial Game Theory. A result of Golomb~(1966) shows that every subtraction game with a finite move set has an eventually periodic nim-sequence, but the known proof yields only an exponential…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-18 Anjali Bhagat , Urban Larsson , Hikaru Manabe , Takahiro Yamashita

In two-player games on graphs, the players move a token through a graph to produce an infinite path, which determines the winner of the game. Such games are central in formal methods since they model the interaction between a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Milad Aghajohari , Guy Avni , Thomas A. Henzinger

Nim is a well-known combinatorial game in which two players alternately remove stones from distinct piles. A player who removes the last stone wins under the normal play rule, while a player loses under the mis\`ere play rule. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Hiromi Oginuma , Masato Shinoda

Concurrent multi-player games with $\omega$-regular objectives are a standard model for systems that consist of several interacting components, each with its own objective. The standard solution concept for such games is Nash Equilibrium,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Shaull Almagor , Shai Guendelman