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Recognizing facts is the most fundamental step in making judgments, hence detecting events in the legal documents is important to legal case analysis tasks. However, existing Legal Event Detection (LED) datasets only concern incomprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Feng Yao , Chaojun Xiao , Xiaozhi Wang , Zhiyuan Liu , Lei Hou , Cunchao Tu , Juanzi Li , Yun Liu , Weixing Shen , Maosong Sun

Contracts are a common type of legal document that frequent in several day-to-day business workflows. However, there has been very limited NLP research in processing such documents, and even lesser in generating them. These contracts are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Vinay Aggarwal , Aparna Garimella , Balaji Vasan Srinivasan , Anandhavelu N , Rajiv Jain

Document-level Relation Extraction (DocRE) involves identifying relations between entities across multiple sentences in a document. Evidence sentences, crucial for precise entity pair relationships identification, enhance focus on essential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Khai Phan Tran , Xue Li

Sentence-level relation extraction (RE) aims to identify the relationship between 2 entities given a contextual sentence. While there have been many attempts to solve this problem, the current solutions have a lot of room to improve. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 N Harsha Vardhan , Manav Chaudhary

In text documents such as news articles, the content and key events usually revolve around a subset of all the entities mentioned in a document. These entities, often deemed as salient entities, provide useful cues of the aboutness of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Rajarshi Bhowmik , Marco Ponza , Atharva Tendle , Anant Gupta , Rebecca Jiang , Xingyu Lu , Qian Zhao , Daniel Preotiuc-Pietro

Given the large size and volumes of contracts and their underlying inherent complexity, manual reviews become inefficient and prone to errors, creating a clear need for automation. Automatic Legal Contract Classification (LCC)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Amrita Singh , Aditya Joshi , Jiaojiao Jiang , Hye-young Paik

Lately, instruction-based techniques have made significant strides in improving performance in few-shot learning scenarios. They achieve this by bridging the gap between pre-trained language models and fine-tuning for specific downstream…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Hiranmai Sri Adibhatla , Pavan Baswani , Manish Shrivastava

Enterprise relation extraction aims to detect pairs of enterprise entities and identify the business relations between them from unstructured or semi-structured text data, and it is crucial for several real-world applications such as risk…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Peipei Liu , Hong Li , Zhiyu Wang , Yimo Ren , Jie Liu , Fei Lyu , Hongsong Zhu , Limin Sun

As the legal community increasingly examines the use of large language models (LLMs) for various legal applications, legal AI developers have turned to retrieval-augmented LLMs ("RAG" systems) to improve system performance and robustness.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Lucia Zheng , Neel Guha , Javokhir Arifov , Sarah Zhang , Michal Skreta , Christopher D. Manning , Peter Henderson , Daniel E. Ho

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) has led to a greater challenge of having a rigorous and systematic evaluation of complex tasks performed, especially in enterprise applications. Therefore, LLMs need to be able to benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Bing Zhang , Mikio Takeuchi , Ryo Kawahara , Shubhi Asthana , Md. Maruf Hossain , Guang-Jie Ren , Kate Soule , Yada Zhu

Entity-oriented retrieval assumes that relevant documents exhibit query-relevant entities, yet evaluations report conflicting results. We show this inconsistency stems not from model failure, but from evaluation. On TREC Robust04, we…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Shubham Chatterjee

The rapid integration of large language models (LLMs) into high-stakes legal work has exposed a critical gap: no benchmark exists to systematically stress-test their reliability against the nuanced, adversarial, and often subtle flaws…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Manan Roy Choudhury , Adithya Chandramouli , Mannan Anand , Vivek Gupta

Reviewing contracts is a time-consuming procedure that incurs large expenses to companies and social inequality to those who cannot afford it. In this work, we propose "document-level natural language inference (NLI) for contracts", a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Yuta Koreeda , Christopher D. Manning

Contracts play an important role in business where relationships among different parties are dictated by legal rules. The notion of electronic contracts has emerged mostly due to technological advances and the electronic trading among…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Adilson Luiz Bonifacio , Wellington Aparecido Della Mura

Named Entity Recognition (NER) is the task of identifying and classifying named entities in unstructured text. In the legal domain, named entities of interest may include the case parties, judges, names of courts, case numbers, references…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Stavroula Skylaki , Ali Oskooei , Omar Bari , Nadja Herger , Zac Kriegman

Table retrieval is essential for accessing information stored in structured tabular formats; however, it remains less explored than text retrieval. The content of the table primarily consists of phrases and words, which include a large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Da Li , Keping Bi , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

Entity detection and tracking (EDT) is the task of identifying textual mentions of real-world entities in documents, extending the named entity detection and coreference resolution task by considering mentions other than names (pronouns,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2009-07-07 Hal Daumé , Daniel Marcu

In this study, we focus on two main tasks, the first for detecting legal violations within unstructured textual data, and the second for associating these violations with potentially affected individuals. We constructed two datasets using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Dor Bernsohn , Gil Semo , Yaron Vazana , Gila Hayat , Ben Hagag , Joel Niklaus , Rohit Saha , Kyryl Truskovskyi

Document-level relation extraction is a challenging task which requires reasoning over multiple sentences in order to predict relations in a document. In this paper, we pro-pose a joint training frameworkE2GRE(Entity and Evidence Guided…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Kevin Huang , Guangtao Wang , Tengyu Ma , Jing Huang

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) for legal reasoning requires workflows that span task design, expert annotation, model execution, and metric-based evaluation. In practice, these steps are split across platforms and scripts, limiting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Sebastian Nagl , Matthias Grabmair