English
Related papers

Related papers: Program Equivalence for Assisted Grading of Functi…

200 papers

Using LLMs to give educational feedback to students for their assignments has attracted much attention in the AI in Education field. Yet, there is currently no large-scale open-source dataset of student assignments that includes detailed…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Keyang Qian , Kaixun Yang , Wei Dai , Flora Jin , Yixin Cheng , Rui Guan , Sadia Nawaz , Zachari Swiecki , Guanliang Chen , Lixiang Yan , Dragan Gašević

Aligning language models with human preferences through reinforcement learning from human feedback is crucial for their safe and effective deployment. The human preference is typically represented through comparison where one response is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Hoang Anh Just , Ming Jin , Anit Sahu , Huy Phan , Ruoxi Jia

Novice programmers benefit from timely, personalized support that addresses individual learning gaps, yet the availability of instructors and teaching assistants is inherently limited. Large language models (LLMs) present opportunities to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Griffin Pitts , Anurata Prabha Hridi , Arun-Balajiee Lekshmi-Narayanan

Scaling educational assessment with large language models requires not just accuracy, but the ability to recognize when predictions are trustworthy. Instruction-tuned models tend to be overconfident, and their reliability deteriorates as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Pranav Raikote , Korbinian Randl , Ioanna Miliou , Athanasios Lakes , Panagiotis Papapetrou

Relating formal grammars is a hard problem that balances between language equivalence (which is known to be undecidable) and grammar identity (which is trivial). In this paper, we investigate several milestones between those two extremes…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-03-31 Vadim Zaytsev

We describe a novel method for efficiently eliciting scalar annotations for dataset construction and system quality estimation by human judgments. We contrast direct assessment (annotators assign scores to items directly), online pairwise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-05 Keisuke Sakaguchi , Benjamin Van Durme

Generative AI has the potential to enhance education by providing personalized feedback to students at scale. Recent work has proposed techniques to improve AI-generated programming hints and has evaluated their performance based on…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Tung Phung , Mengyan Wu , Heeryung Choi , Gustavo Soares , Sumit Gulwani , Adish Singla , Christopher Brooks

In this paper we describe a statistical procedure to account for differences in grading practices from one course to another. The goal is to define a course "inflatedness" and a student "aptitude" that best captures one's intuitive notions…

Applications · Statistics 2012-09-06 Robert J. Vanderbei , Gordon Scharf , Daniel Marlow

One of the most successful paradigms for reward learning uses human feedback in the form of comparisons. Although these methods hold promise, human comparison labeling is expensive and time consuming, constituting a major bottleneck to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-02 David Zhang , Micah Carroll , Andreea Bobu , Anca Dragan

Human feedback plays a critical role in learning and refining reward models for text-to-image generation, but the optimal form the feedback should take for learning an accurate reward function has not been conclusively established. This…

Recent great advances in video generation models have demonstrated their potential to produce high-quality videos, bringing challenges to effective evaluation. Unlike human evaluation, existing automated evaluation metrics lack highlevel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Zhun Mou , Bin Xia , Zhengchao Huang , Wenming Yang , Jiaya Jia

Quantitative analysis of commonalities and differences between recorded music performances is an increasingly common task in computational musicology. A typical scenario involves manual annotation of different recordings of the same piece…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Thassilo Gadermaier , Gerhard Widmer

Computer science class enrollments have rapidly risen in the past decade. With current class sizes, standard approaches to grading and providing personalized feedback are no longer possible and new techniques become both feasible and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Loris D'Antoni , Martin Helfrich , Jan Kretinsky , Emanuel Ramneantu , Maximilian Weininger

Ever since Large Language Models (LLMs) and related applications have become broadly available, several studies investigated their potential for assisting educators and supporting students in higher education. LLMs such as Codex, GPT-3.5,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Imen Azaiz , Natalie Kiesler , Sven Strickroth

Evaluation of large language model (LLM) outputs requires users to make critical judgments about the best outputs across various configurations. This process is costly and takes time given the large amounts of data. LLMs are increasingly…

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to automate student assessment in education. Among different types of assessments, summative assessments play a crucial role in evaluating a student's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Dishank Aggarwal , Pritam Sil , Bhaskaran Raman , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Grading of examination papers is a hectic, time-labor intensive task and is often subjected to inefficiency and bias in checking. This research project is a primitive experiment in the automation of grading of theoretical answers written in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Rahul Kr Chauhan , Ravinder Saharan , Siddhartha Singh , Priti Sharma

Much of machine learning research focuses on predictive accuracy: given a task, create a machine learning model (or algorithm) that maximizes accuracy. In many settings, however, the final prediction or decision of a system is under the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Kate Donahue , Alexandra Chouldechova , Krishnaram Kenthapadi

Supervised Learning is a way of developing Artificial Intelligence systems in which a computer algorithm is trained on labeled data inputs. Effectiveness of a Supervised Learning algorithm is determined by its performance on a given dataset…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Shubhi Bansal , Atharva Tendulkar , Nagendra Kumar

Analogies help learners understand unfamiliar concepts by relating them to known concepts. Despite recent advances, large language models (LLMs) continue to struggle to generate analogies of comparable quality to those produced by humans.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Mariam Barakat , Ekaterina Kochmar