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A systematic expansion of the many-body master equation for active matter, in which motors power configurational changes as in the cytoskeleton, is shown to yield a description of the steady state and responses in terms of an effective…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-08-08 Shenshen Wang , Peter G. Wolynes

We study the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of a single particle with two available energy levels, in contact with a classical (Maxwell-Boltzmann) or quantum (Bose-Einstein) heat bath. The particle can undergo transitions between the levels…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-30 Niraj Kumar , Christian Van den Broeck , Massimiliano Esposito , Katja Lindenberg

The efficiency of a Brownian particle moving in periodic potential in the presence of asymmetric unbiased fluctuations is investigated. We found that there is a regime where the efficiency can be a peaked function of temperature, which…

Biological Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Bao-Quan Ai , Xian-Ju Wang , Guo-Tao Liu , De-Hua Wen , Hui-Zhang Xie , Wei Chen , Liang-Gang Liu

A thermal current, generated by a temperature gradient between two reservoirs coupled to a carefully designed photonic or (micro-) electromechanical circuit, might induce non-conservative forces that impulse a mechanical degree of freedom…

Engines are systems and devices that convert one form of energy into another, typically into a more useful form that can perform work. In the classical setup, physical, chemical, and biological engines largely involve the conversion of heat…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-19 Loris Maria Cangemi , Chitrak Bhadra , Amikam Levy

Brownian motors are devices which "rectify" Brownian motion, i.e. they can generate a current of particles out of unbiased fluctuations. Brownian motors are important for the understanding of molecular motors, and are also promising for the…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-11 F. Renzoni

Single-particle heat engines at atomic and colloidal scales obey the universal thermodynamic bounds on work and efficiency. Here, we translate these principles to the macroscale by building an athermal Stirling engine whose working medium…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-15 Niloyendu Roy , Pragya Arora , A K Sood , Rajesh Ganapathy

We investigate stochastic thermodynamics of a two-particles Langevin system. Each particle is in contact with a heat bath at different temperatures $T_1$ and $T_2~(<T_1)$, respectively. Particles are trapped by a harmonic potential and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-07-29 Jong-Min Park , Hyun-Myung Chun , Jae Dong Noh

An effective approach to isolation of sub-micro sized particles is desired to separate cancer and healthy cells or in therapy of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. However, since bioparticles span a large size range comprising several…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-25 Aleksandra Słapik , Jerzy Łuczka , Jakub Spiechowicz

Brownian particles interacting sequentially with distinct temperatures and driving forces at each stroke have been tackled as a reliable alternative for the construction of engine setups. However they can behave very inefficiently depending…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-12-28 Iago N. Mamede , Angel L. L. Stable , C. E. Fiore

Thermal energy agitates all matter and its competition with ordering tendencies is one of the most fundamental organizing principles in the physical world. Thus, it is natural to enquire if an effective temperature could result when…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-09-10 Ming Han , Jing Yan , Steve Granick , Erik Luijten

Methods of stochastic thermodynamics and hydrodynamics are applied to the a recently introduced model of active particles. The model consists of an overdamped particle subject to Gaussian coloured noise. Inspired by stochastic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-10-09 Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi , Andrea Puglisi , Claudio Maggi

After establishing stochastic thermodynamics for underdamped Langevin systems in contact with multiple reservoirs, we derive its overdamped limit using timescale separation techniques. The overdamped theory is different from the naive…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-01-03 Yûto Murashita , Massimiliano Esposito

Active particles break out of thermodynamic equilibrium thanks to their directed motion, which leads to complex and interesting behaviors in the presence of confining potentials. When dealing with active nanoparticles, however, the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-03-29 Falko Schmidt , Hana Šípovà-Jungová , Mikael Käll , Alois Würger , Giovanni Volpe

We focus on a paradigmatic two-dimensional model of a nanoscale heat engine, - the so-called Brownian gyrator - whose stochastic dynamics is described by a pair of coupled Langevin equations with different temperature noise terms. This…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-11-07 Sara Cerasoli , Victor Dotsenko , Gleb Oshanin , Lamberto Rondoni

We use the general formulation of irreversible thermodynamics and study the minimally nonlinear irreversible model of heat engines operating between a time-varying hot heat source of finite size and a cold heat reservoir of infinite size.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-11-27 M. Ponmurugan

We propose an embedding of standard active particle models in terms of two-temperature processes. One temperature refers to an ambient thermal bath, and the other temperature effectively describes ``hot spots,'' i.e., systems with few…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-01-23 Faezeh Khodabandehlou , Christian Maes

The information engine extracts work from a single heat bath using mutual information obtained during the operation cycle. This study investigates the influence of the potential shaping in a Brownian information engine (BIE) in harnessing…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-04-15 Rafna Rafeek , Debasish Mondal

Autonomous active Brownian ratchets rectify active Brownian particle motion solely by means of a spatially modulated but stationary activity, without external forces. We argue that such ratcheting requires at least a two-dimensional…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-05-24 Constantin Rein , Martin Kolář , Klaus Kroy , Viktor Holubec

Work can be extracted from a single heat bath if additional information is available. For the paradigmatic case of a Brownian particle in a harmonic potential, whose position has been measured with finite precision, we determine the optimal…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-03-24 D. Abreu , U. Seifert