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In this work we propose a novel approach for modeling spatio-temporal data characterized by group structures. In particular, we extend classical mixed effect regression models by introducing a space-time nonparametric component, regularized…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-18 Marco F. De Sanctis , Eleonora Arnone , Francesca Ieva , Laura M. Sangalli

Accurate spatiotemporal pattern analysis is critical in fields such as urban traffic, meteorology, and public health monitoring. However, existing methods face performance bottlenecks, typically yielding only incremental gains and often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jing Chen , Shixiang Pan , Yujie Fan , Haocheng Ye , Haitao Xu , Wenqiang Xu

Environmental and climate processes are often distributed over large space-time domains. Their complexity and the amount of available data make modelling and analysis a challenging task. Statistical modelling of environment and climate data…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-02 Behnaz Pirzamanbein

Time warping function provides a mathematical representation to measure phase variability in functional data. Recent studies have developed various approaches to estimate optimal warping between functions and provide non-Euclidean models.…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-15 Yijia Ma , Xinyu Zhou , Wei Wu

Biological systems commonly exhibit complex spatiotemporal patterns whose underlying generative mechanisms pose a significant analytical challenge. Traditional approaches to spatiodynamic inference rely on dimensionality reduction through…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-01 Jun Won Park , Kangyu Zhao , Sanket Rane

This paper investigates the modeling of an important class of degradation data, which are collected from a spatial domain over time; for example, the surface quality degradation. Like many existing time-dependent stochastic degradation…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-12-29 Xiao Liu , Kyongmin Yeo , Jayant Kalagnanam

We deal with the comparison of space-time covariance kernels having, either, full, spatially dynamical, or space-time compact support. Such a comparison is based on compatibility of these covariance models under fixed domain asymptotics,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-13 Tarik Faouzi , Reinhard Furrer , Emilio Porcu

This study investigates the spatial distribution of emergency alarm call events to identify spatial covariates associated with the events and discern hotspot regions for the events. The study is motivated by the problem of developing…

Applications · Statistics 2022-07-19 Fekadu L. Bayisa , Markus Ådahl , Patrik Rydén , Ottmar Cronie

The scientific rigor and computational methods of causal inference have had great impacts on many disciplines, but have only recently begun to take hold in spatial applications. Spatial casual inference poses analytic challenges due to…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-07 Brian J Reich , Shu Yang , Yawen Guan , Andrew B Giffin , Matthew J Miller , Ana G Rappold

A variational inference-based framework for training a multi-output Gaussian process latent variable model, specifically tailored to the tails-up spatio-temporal stream network, is developed. Training, given a censored observational data…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-21 Marno Basson , Tobias M. Louw , Theresa R. Smith

Spatiotemporal datasets, which consist of spatially-referenced time series, are ubiquitous in diverse applications, such as air pollution monitoring, disease tracking, and cloud-demand forecasting. As the scale of modern datasets increases,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Feras Saad , Jacob Burnim , Colin Carroll , Brian Patton , Urs Köster , Rif A. Saurous , Matthew Hoffman

Multivariate spatial field data are increasingly common and whose modeling typically relies on building cross-covariance functions to describe cross-process relationships. An alternative viewpoint is to model the matrix of spectral…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-05-07 William Kleiber

Spatial processes with nonstationary and anisotropic covariance structure are often used when modelling, analysing and predicting complex environmental phenomena. Such processes may often be expressed as ones that have stationary and…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-04-06 Andrew Zammit-Mangion , Tin Lok James Ng , Quan Vu , Maurizio Filippone

We consider functional linear regression models where functional outcomes are associated with scalar predictors by coefficient functions with shape constraints, such as monotonicity and convexity, that apply to sub-domains of interest. To…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-09 Kyunghee Han , Yeonjoo Park , Soo-Young Kim

A crucial assumption to reduce computational complexity in spatial-temporal data analysis is separability, which factors the covariance structure into a purely spatial and a purely temporal component. In this paper, we develop statistical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Lujia Bai , Holger Dette , Zihao Yuan

Time evolving surfaces can be modeled as two-dimensional Functional time series, exploiting the tools of Functional data analysis. Leveraging this approach, a forecasting framework for such complex data is developed. The main focus revolves…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-19 Niccolò Ajroldi , Jacopo Diquigiovanni , Matteo Fontana , Simone Vantini

In this work, we present an additive model for space-time data that splits the data into a temporally correlated component and a spatially correlated component. We model the spatially correlated portion using a time-varying Gaussian…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-11-13 Kristjan Greenewald , Seyoung Park , Shuheng Zhou , Alexander Giessing

In this paper, we present and compare functional and spatio-temporal (Sp.T.) kriging approaches to predict spatial functional random processes (which can also be viewed as Sp.T. random processes). Comparisons with respect to computational…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-19 Johan Strandberg , Sara Sjöstedt de Luna , Jorge Mateu

Gaussian processes are popular and flexible models for spatial, temporal, and functional data, but they are computationally infeasible for large datasets. We discuss Gaussian-process approximations that use basis functions at multiple…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-22 Matthias Katzfuss , Wenlong Gong

In demographic literature, forecast uncertainty is often quantified with a statistical model. This model-based approach may potentially suffer from drawbacks, namely model misspecification, selection effect, and lack of finite-sample…

Applications · Statistics 2026-05-29 Han Lin Shang