English
Related papers

Related papers: CURI: A Benchmark for Productive Concept Learning …

200 papers

Reasoning language models have set state-of-the-art (SOTA) records on many challenging benchmarks, enabled by multi-step reasoning induced using reinforcement learning. However, like previous language models, reasoning models are prone to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Zhiting Mei , Christina Zhang , Tenny Yin , Justin Lidard , Ola Shorinwa , Anirudha Majumdar

Deep text understanding, which requires the connections between a given document and prior knowledge beyond its text, has been highlighted by many benchmarks in recent years. However, these benchmarks have encountered two major limitations.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Zijun Yao , Yantao Liu , Xin Lv , Shulin Cao , Jifan Yu , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Language Models (LMs) have shown promising performance in natural language generation. However, as LMs often generate incorrect or hallucinated responses, it is crucial to correctly quantify their uncertainty in responding to given inputs.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Xinmeng Huang , Shuo Li , Mengxin Yu , Matteo Sesia , Hamed Hassani , Insup Lee , Osbert Bastani , Edgar Dobriban

Compositional generalization is the capability of a model to understand novel compositions composed of seen concepts. There are multiple levels of novel compositions including phrase-phrase level, phrase-word level, and word-word level.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Chuanhao Li , Zhen Li , Chenchen Jing , Xiaomeng Fan , Wenbo Ye , Yuwei Wu , Yunde Jia

The increasing impact of black box models, and particularly of unsupervised ones, comes with an increasing interest in tools to understand and interpret them. In this paper, we consider in particular how to characterise visual groupings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Iro Laina , Ruth C. Fong , Andrea Vedaldi

The nature of concept learning is a core question in cognitive science. Theories must account for the relative difficulty of acquiring different concepts by supervised learners. For a canonical set of six category types, two distinct…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-03 Andreas D. Pape , Kenneth J. Kurtz , Hiroki Sayama

People easily recognize new visual categories that are new combinations of known components. This compositional generalization capacity is critical for learning in real-world domains like vision and language because the long tail of new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Yuval Atzmon , Felix Kreuk , Uri Shalit , Gal Chechik

We present ACCORD, a framework and benchmark suite for disentangling the commonsense grounding and reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) through controlled, multi-hop counterfactuals. ACCORD introduces formal elements to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-10 François Roewer-Després , Jinyue Feng , Zining Zhu , Frank Rudzicz

Multimodal emotion recognition in conversations (MERC) requires integrating multimodal signals while being robust to noise and modeling contextual reasoning. Existing approaches often emphasize fusion but overlook uncertainty in noisy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yiqiang Cai , Chengyan Wu , Bolei Ma , Bo Chen , Yun Xue , Julia Hirschberg , Ziwei Gong

Uncertainty is an important concept in physics laboratory instruction. However, little work has examined how students reason about uncertainty beyond the introductory (intro) level. In this work we aimed to compare intro and beyond-intro…

Physics Education · Physics 2023-10-26 Emily M. Stump , Mark Hughes , Gina Passante , N. G. Holmes

AI deployed in the real-world should be capable of autonomously adapting to novelties encountered after deployment. Yet, in the field of continual learning, the reliance on novelty and labeling oracles is commonplace albeit unrealistic.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Amanda S. Rios , Ibrahima J. Ndiour , Parual Datta , Jaroslaw Sydir , Omesh Tickoo , Nilesh Ahuja

Goal-oriented conversational systems require making sequential decisions under uncertainty about the user's intent, where the algorithm must balance information acquisition and target commitment over multiple turns. Existing approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Xinyi Ling , Ye Liu , Reza Averly , Xia Ning

Proper quantification of predictive uncertainty is essential for the use of machine learning in safety-critical applications. Various uncertainty measures have been proposed for this purpose, typically claiming superiority over other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Paul Hofman , Yusuf Sale , Eyke Hüllermeier

Calibration is a popular framework to evaluate whether a classifier knows when it does not know - i.e., its predictive probabilities are a good indication of how likely a prediction is to be correct. Correctness is commonly estimated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Joris Baan , Wilker Aziz , Barbara Plank , Raquel Fernández

This paper states the case for applying the conceptual and analytic tools associated with the study of entropy in physical systems to cognition, focusing on creative cognition. It is proposed that minds modify their contents and adapt to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-11-14 Liane Gabora

Learning exists in the context of data, yet notions of confidence typically focus on model predictions, not label quality. Confident learning (CL) is an alternative approach which focuses instead on label quality by characterizing and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-23 Curtis G. Northcutt , Lu Jiang , Isaac L. Chuang

The Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) of Koh et al. [2020] provide a means to ensure that a neural network based classifier bases its predictions solely on human understandable concepts. The concept labels, or rationales as we refer to them,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Joshua Lockhart , Daniele Magazzeni , Manuela Veloso

Uncertainty estimation methods using deep learning approaches strive against separating how uncertain the state of the world manifests to us via measurement (objective end) from the way this gets scrambled with the model specification and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-21 Edgardo Solano-Carrillo

Infants discover categories, detect novelty, and adapt to new contexts without supervision-a challenge for current machine learning. We present a brain-inspired perspective on configurations, a finite-resolution clustering framework that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Juntang Wang , Yihan Wang , Hao Wu , Dongmian Zou , Shixin Xu

Machine learning has become an effective tool for automatically annotating unstructured data (e.g., images) with structured labels (e.g., object detections). As a result, a new programming paradigm called neurosymbolic programming has…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Ramya Ramalingam , Sangdon Park , Osbert Bastani