Related papers: Temperaturskalan och Boltzmanns konstant
Temperature is usually defined for physical systems at thermal equilibrium. Nevertheless one may wonder if it would be possible to attribute a meaningful notion of temperature to an arbitrary quantum state, beyond simply the thermal (Gibbs)…
Depending on the exact experimental conditions, the thermodynamic properties of physical systems can be related to one or more thermostatistical ensembles. Here, we survey the notion of thermodynamic temperature in different statistical…
The notion of mean temperature is crucial for a number of fields including climate science, fluid dynamics and biophysics. However, so far its correct thermodynamic foundation is lacking or even believed to be impossible. A physically…
Motivated by the entropy-functional formulation of emergent gravity, in which spacetime is endowed with a thermodynamic entropy that, upon extremization, yields the Einstein field equations, we reformulate the onset of a neutron star as a…
Simulations are performed of a small quantum system interacting with a quantum environment. The system consists of various initial states of two harmonic oscillators coupled to give normal modes. The environment is "designed" by its level…
One considers the motion of a test particle in an homogeneous fluid in equilibrium at temperature $T$, undergoing dissipative collisions with the fluid particles. It is shown that the corresponding linear Boltzmann equation still posseses a…
Quantum scale estimation, as introduced and explored here, establishes the most precise framework for the estimation of scale parameters that is allowed by the laws of quantum mechanics. This addresses an important gap in quantum metrology,…
This paper shows that the configurational temperature of liquid-state theory, $\Tc$, defines an energy scale, which can be used for adjusting model parameters of active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particle (AOUP) models in order to achieve…
The second Tisza-Callen postulate of equilibrium thermodynamics states that for any system exists a function of the system's extensive parameters, called entropy, defined for all equilibrium states and having the property that the values…
The authors investigate the ideal, nondriven multifluid equations of motion to identify consistent (i.e., truly stationary), mechanically static models for composition profiles within the thermosphere. These physically faithful functions…
Superstatistics (Physica A 322, 267-275, 2003) is a formalism that attempts to explain the presence of distributions other than the Boltzmann-Gibbs distributions in Nature, typically power-law behavior, for systems out of equilibrium such…
A theoretical proposal that Coulomb-coupled quantum dots can be used as quantum probes to determine the temperature of a sample (i.e., an electronic reservoir) is proposed. Through the regulation of the positive or negative voltage bias in…
Conventional thermo-statistics address infinite homogeneous systems within the canonical ensemble. However, some 150 years ago the original motivation of thermodynamics was the description of steam engines, i.e. boiling water. Its essential…
We present an improved scheme for the precise evaluation of finite-temperature response functions of strongly correlated systems in the framework of the time-dependent density matrix renormalization group. The maximum times that we can…
Various effective temperature scales have been proposed over the years. Despite much work and the high internal precision usually achieved, systematic differences of order 100 K (or more) among various scales are still present. We present…
A model of quantum measurement is proposed, which aims to describe statistical mechanical aspects of this phenomenon, starting from a purely Hamiltonian formulation. The macroscopic measurement apparatus is modeled as an ideal Bose gas, the…
We consider a mean field model describing the free cooling process of a two component granular mixture, a generalization of so called Maxwell model. The cooling is viewed as an ordering process and the scaling behavior is attributed to the…
We study the ultimate bounds on the estimation of temperature for an interacting quantum system. We consider two coupled bosonic modes that are assumed to be thermal and using quantum estimation theory establish the role the Hamiltonian…
The Planck constant, with its mathematical symbol $h$, is a fundamental constant in quantum mechanics that is associated with the quantization of light and matter. It is also of fundamental importance to metrology, such as the definition of…
The high frequency primary power standard is univocally realized by means of a coaxial microcalorimeter, at least up to 40 GHz. The coaxial microcalorimeter is a broadband measurement system adjusted for effec-tive efficiency measurement of…