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The Multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) method has proven to be an effective variance-reduction statistical method for Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) in Partial Differential Equation (PDE) models, combining model computations at different levels…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Santiago Badia , Jerrad Hampton , Javier Principe

We propose nested sequential Monte Carlo (NSMC), a methodology to sample from sequences of probability distributions, even where the random variables are high-dimensional. NSMC generalises the SMC framework by requiring only approximate,…

Computation · Statistics 2015-09-14 Christian A. Naesseth , Fredrik Lindsten , Thomas B. Schön

There is a growing interest in studying sequential neural posterior estimation (SNPE) techniques due to their advantages for simulation-based models with intractable likelihoods. The methods aim to learn the posterior from adaptively…

Computation · Statistics 2025-10-16 Xiliang Yang , Yifei Xiong , Zhijian He

A new method based on nesting Monte Carlo is developed to solve high-dimensional semi-linear PDEs. Convergence of the method is proved and its convergence rate studied. Results in high dimension for different kind of non-linearities show…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-05-15 Xavier Warin

In this article we develop a new sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) method for multilevel (ML) Monte Carlo estimation. In particular, the method can be used to estimate expectations with respect to a target probability distribution over an…

Computation · Statistics 2017-03-16 Alexandros Beskos , Ajay Jasra , Kody Law , Youssef Marzouk , Yan Zhou

Stochastic collocation methods for approximating the solution of partial differential equations with random input data (e.g., coefficients and forcing terms) suffer from the curse of dimensionality whereby increases in the stochastic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-05-23 Aretha L. Teckentrup , Peter Jantsch , Clayton G. Webster , Max Gunzburger

This paper considers a new approach to using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) in contexts where one may adopt multilevel (ML) Monte Carlo. The underlying problem is to approximate expectations w.r.t. an underlying probability measure that is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-06-27 Ajay Jasra , Kody Law , Yaxian Xu

In this paper, we propose a new kind of numerical scheme for high-dimensional backward stochastic differential equations based on modified multi-level Picard iteration. The proposed scheme is very similar to the original multi-level Picard…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-05-06 Chol-Kyu Pak , Mun-Chol Kim , Hun O

We study Monte Carlo estimation of the expected value of sample information (EVSI) which measures the expected benefit of gaining additional information for decision making under uncertainty. EVSI is defined as a nested expectation in which…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-10-05 Tomohiko Hironaka , Michael B. Giles , Takashi Goda , Howard Thom

Motivated by applications to the dynamic control of queueing networks, we develop a simulation-based scheme, the so-called multilevel Picard (MLP) approximation, for solving high-dimensional drift control problems whose states are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-27 Yuan Zhong

Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo methods present a convenient approach for approximating the expected value of a random variable. Algorithms exist to adaptively sample the random variable until a user defined absolute error tolerance is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-14 Aleksei G. Sorokin , Jagadeeswaran Rathinavel

Recently, so-called full-history recursive multilevel Picard (MLP) approximation schemes have been introduced and shown to overcome the curse of dimensionality in the numerical approximation of semilinear parabolic partial differential…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-03 Christian Beck , Lukas Gonon , Arnulf Jentzen

Discrete time stochastic optimal control problems and Markov decision processes (MDPs), respectively, serve as fundamental models for problems that involve sequential decision making under uncertainty and as such constitute the theoretical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-08 Christian Beck , Arnulf Jentzen , Konrad Kleinberg , Thomas Kruse

Stochastic gradient methods are scalable for solving large-scale optimization problems that involve empirical expectations of loss functions. Existing results mainly apply to optimization problems where the objectives are one- or two-level…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-01-15 Shuoguang Yang , Mengdi Wang , Ethan X. Fang

Nested integration problems arise in various scientific and engineering applications, including Bayesian experimental design, financial risk assessment, and uncertainty quantification. These nested integrals take the form $\int f\left(\int…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Arved Bartuska , André Gustavo Carlon , Luis Espath , Sebastian Krumscheid , Raúl Tempone

We are interested in computing the expectation of a functional of a PDE solution under a Bayesian posterior distribution. Using Bayes' rule, we reduce the problem to estimating the ratio of two related prior expectations. For a model…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-03-03 R. Scheichl , A. M. Stuart , A. L. Teckentrup

Constructing unbiased estimators from Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) outputs is a difficult problem that has recently received a lot of attention in the statistics and machine learning communities. However, the current unbiased MCMC…

Computation · Statistics 2022-12-27 Guanyang Wang , Tianze Wang

The order of convergence of the Monte Carlo method is 1/2 which means that we need quadruple samples to decrease the error in half in the numerical simulation. Multilevel Monte Carlo methods reach the same order of error by spending less…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-02-27 Myoungnyoun Kim , Imbo Sim

We consider the problem of estimating the probability of a large loss from a financial portfolio, where the future loss is expressed as a conditional expectation. Since the conditional expectation is intractable in most cases, one may…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-11-25 Zhenghang Xu , Zhijian He , Xiaoqun Wang

Neufeld and Wu (arXiv:2310.12545) developed a multilevel Picard (MLP) algorithm which can approximately solve general semilinear parabolic PDEs with gradient-dependent nonlinearities, allowing also for coefficient functions of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-21 Ariel Neufeld , Tuan Anh Nguyen , Sizhou Wu