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This paper addresses an Electric Vehicle Relocation Problem (E-VReP), in one-way carsharing systems, based on operators who move through folding bicycles between a delivery request and one of pickup. In order to deal with its economical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-04-10 Maurizio Bruglieri , Ferdinando Pezzella , Ornella Pisacane

When vehicle routing decisions are intertwined with higher-level decisions, the resulting optimization problems pose significant challenges for computation. Examples are the multi-depot vehicle routing problem (MDVRP), where customers are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Abhay Sobhanan , Junyoung Park , Jinkyoo Park , Changhyun Kwon

This paper deals with the Stochastic Capacitated Arc Routing Problem (SCARP), obtained by randomizing quantities on the arcs in the CARP. Optimization problems for the SCARP are characterized by decisions that are made without knowing their…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Fleury Gérard , Lacomme Philippe , Christian Prins

Indias e-commerce market is projected to grow rapidly, with last-mile delivery accounting for nearly half of operational expenses. Although vehicle routing problem (VRP) based solvers are widely used for delivery planning, their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Milon Bhattacharya , Milan Kumar

Recently, the applications of the methodologies of Reinforcement Learning (RL) to NP-Hard Combinatorial optimization problems have become a popular topic. This is essentially due to the nature of the traditional combinatorial algorithms,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-02 Simone Foa , Corrado Coppola , Giorgio Grani , Laura Palagi

The Dynamic Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (DVRPTW) is an extension of the well-known Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), which takes into account the dynamic nature of the problem. This aspect requires the vehicle routes to be…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-04-07 Raluca Necula , Mihaela Breaban , Madalina Raschip

Heavy goods vehicles are vital backbones of the supply chain delivery system but also contribute significantly to carbon emissions with only 60% loading efficiency in the United Kingdom. Collaborative vehicle routing has been proposed as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Stefan Schoepf , Stephen Mak , Julian Senoner , Liming Xu , Netland Torbjörn , Alexandra Brintrup

The profiled vehicle routing problem (PVRP) is a generalization of the heterogeneous capacitated vehicle routing problem (HCVRP) in which the objective is to optimize the routes of vehicles to serve client demands subject to different…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Chuanbo Hua , Federico Berto , Jiwoo Son , Seunghyun Kang , Changhyun Kwon , Jinkyoo Park

The number of optimization techniques in the combinatorial domain is large and diversified. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of real benchmarks to validate optimization algorithms. In this work we introduce VRPBench, a tool to create…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-10-19 Guilherme A. Zeni , Mauro Menzori , P. S. Martins , Luis A. A. Meira

Vehicle routing problem (VRP) is an NP-hard optimization problem that has been an interest of research for decades in science and industry. The objective is to plan routes of vehicles to deliver a fixed number of customers with optimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-14 Nishikanta Mohanty , Bikash K. Behera

Vehicle routing problems (VRPs) form a class of combinatorial problems with wide practical applications. While previous heuristic or learning-based works achieve decent solutions on small problem instances of up to 100 cities, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Sirui Li , Zhongxia Yan , Cathy Wu

The increasing use of electric vehicles (EVs) requires efficient route planning solutions that take into account the limited range of EVs and the associated charging times, as well as the different types of charging stations. In this work,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-29 Dominik Köster , Florian Porkert , Klaus Volbert

Complex real-life routing challenges can be modeled as variations of well-known combinatorial optimization problems. These routing problems have long been studied and are difficult to solve at scale. The particular setting may also make…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Marijn van Knippenberg , Mike Holenderski , Vlado Menkovski

Due to the complication of the presented problem, intelligent algorithms show great power to solve the parts logistics optimization problem related to the vehicle routing problem (VRP). However, most of the existing research to VRP are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Yaoting Huang , Boyu Chen , Wenlian Lu , Zhong-Xiao Jin , Ren Zheng

The Electric Vehicle Routing Problem (EVRP) extends the classical Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) to reflect the growing use of electric and hybrid vehicles in logistics. Due to the variety of constraints considered in the literature,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-14 David Woller , Viktor Kozák , Miroslav Kulich , Libor Přeučil

The Fleet Size and Mix Vehicle Routing Problem (FSMVRP) is a prominent variant of the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), extensively studied in operations research and computational science. FSMVRP requires simultaneous decisions on fleet…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Pengfu Wan , Jiawei Chen , Gangyan Xu

This paper presents a model for a vehicle routing problem in which customer demands are stochastic and vehicles are divided into compartments. The problem is motivated by the needs of certain agricultural cooperatives that produce various…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-24 Juan Carlos Gonçalves-Dosantos , Laura Davila-Pena , Balbina Casas-Méndez

The electric vehicle routing problem (EVRP) has garnered great interest from researchers and industrialists in an attempt to move from fuel-based vehicles to healthier and more efficient electric vehicles (EVs). While it seems that the EVRP…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Kousik Rajesh , Eklavya Jain , Prakash Kotecha

One of the most well-known problems in transportation and logistics is the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP). It involves optimizing a set of truck routes to service a set of customers, subject to limits on truck capacity, to…

Recently, there is an emerging trend to apply deep reinforcement learning to solve the vehicle routing problem (VRP), where a learnt policy governs the selection of next node for visiting. However, existing methods could not handle well the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Jingwen Li , Liang Xin , Zhiguang Cao , Andrew Lim , Wen Song , Jie Zhang