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Label-free imaging approaches seek to simplify and augment histopathologic assessment by replacing the current practice of staining by dyes to visualize tissue morphology with quantitative optical measurements. Quantitative phase imaging…

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) is an innovative method for monitoring heart rate and vital signs by using a simple camera to record a person, as long as any part of their skin is visible. This low-cost, contactless approach helps in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Zahra Maleki , Amirhossein Akbari , Amirhossein Binesh , Babak Khalaj

Ovarian cancer detection has traditionally relied on a multi-step process that includes biopsy, tissue staining, and morphological analysis by experienced pathologists. While widely practiced, this conventional approach suffers from several…

Reflection phase imaging provides label-free, high-resolution characterization of biological samples, typically using interferometric-based techniques. Here, we investigate reflection phase microscopy from intensity-only measurements under…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-12-18 Alex Matlock , Anne Sentenac , Patrick C. Chaumet , Ji Yi , Lei Tian

Analysis of three-dimensional biological samples is critical to understanding tissue function and the mechanisms of disease. Many chronic conditions, like neurodegenerative diseases and cancers, correlate with complex tissue changes that…

Biological Physics · Physics 2019-11-06 Jiaming Guo , Camille Artur , Jason L. Eriksen , David Mayerich

The vast majority of the microscopy methods currently available to study biological samples require staining prior to imaging. Nevertheless, the ability to reveal specific cell structures or organelles in a label-free manner remains…

Biological Physics · Physics 2020-10-06 R. Desapogu , G. Le Marchand , R. Smith , P. Ray , E. Gillier , S. Dutertre , M. Alouini , M. Tramier , S. Huet , J. Fade

Bacterial heterogeneity is pivotal for adaptation to diverse environments, posing significant challenges in microbial diagnostics and therapeutic interventions. Recent advancements in high-resolution optical microscopy have revolutionized…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-01-06 Dohyeon Lee , Hyun-Seung Lee , Moosung Lee , Minhee Kang , Geon Kim , Tae Yeul Kim , Nam Yong Lee , YongKeun Park

New lensless diffractive X-ray technic for micro-scale imaging of biological tissue is based on quantitative phase retrieval schemes. By incorporating refraction, this method yields improved contrast compared to purely absorption-based…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-03-28 Victor Palamodov

Virtual staining of histopathology images (e.g., H&E-IHC) is an emerging tool in digital pathology, enabling faster and cheaper workflows by synthesizing target stains from routinely acquired slides. Yet, the quality of virtual staining…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Fedor Gubanov , Svetlana Illarionova , Vlad Kozlovskiy , Mikhail Romanov , Yersultan Akhmetov , Aida Akaeva , Vyacheslav Grinevich , Rifat Hamoudi , Maxim Sharaev

Accurate assessment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression is critical for breast cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy selection; yet, most existing digital HER2 scoring methods rely on bulky and expensive optical…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Che-Yung Shen , Xilin Yang , Yuzhu Li , Leon Lenk , Aydogan Ozcan

Digital holography is one of the most widely used label-free microscopy techniques in biomedical imaging. Recovery of the missing phase information of a hologram is an important step in holographic image reconstruction. Here we demonstrate…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-28 Luzhe Huang , Tairan Liu , Xilin Yang , Yi Luo , Yair Rivenson , Aydogan Ozcan

Several centimeters below the skin lie multiple biomarkers, such as glucose, oxygenation, and blood flow. Monitoring these biomarkers regularly and in a non-invasive manner would enable early insight into metabolic status and vascular…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-10-30 Talia Xu , Caitlin Smith , Charles Lo , Jami Shepherd , Gijs van Soest , Marco Zuniga

Histological staining of tissue biopsies, especially hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, serves as the benchmark for disease diagnosis and comprehensive clinical assessment of tissue. However, the process is laborious and time-consuming,…

Hyperspectral imaging is a powerful bioimaging tool which can uncover novel insights, thanks to its sensitivity to the intrinsic properties of materials. However, this enhanced contrast comes at the cost of system complexity, constrained by…

Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) has emerged as a powerful label-free three-dimensional (3D) bioimaging techniques for observing living cells and thin tissue layers. We report a new reflection-mode ODT (rODT) method for imaging thick…

The cross-sensor gap is one of the challenges that have aroused much research interests in Heterogeneous Face Recognition (HFR). Although recent methods have attempted to fill the gap with deep generative networks, most of them suffer from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Boyan Duan , Chaoyou Fu , Yi Li , Xingguang Song , Ran He

The lensless endoscope (LE) is a promising device to acquire in vivo images at a cellular scale. The tiny size of the probe enables a deep exploration of the tissues. Lensless endoscopy with a multicore fiber (MCF) commonly uses a spatial…

The differentiation between pathological subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an essential step in guiding treatment options and prognosis. However, current clinical practice relies on multi-step staining and labelling…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-10 Zhenya Zang , David A Dorward , Katherine E Quiohilag , Andrew DJ Wood , James R Hopgood , Ahsan R Akram , Qiang Wang

Fluorescence microscopy is a powerful tool for imaging biological samples with molecular specificity. In contrast, phase microscopy provides label-free measurement of the sample's refractive index (RI), which is an intrinsic optical…

Optics · Physics 2022-01-26 Yi Xue , David Ren , Laura Waller

Numerous real-world applications have been driven by the recent algorithmic advancement of artificial intelligence (AI). Healthcare is no exception and AI technologies have great potential to revolutionize the industry. Non-contact…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Xin Liu , Shwetak Patel , Daniel McDuff