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One of the main concepts in quantum physics is a density matrix, which is a symmetric positive definite matrix of trace one. Finite probability distributions are a special case where the density matrix is restricted to be diagonal. Density…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-14 Manfred K. Warmuth , Dima Kuzmin

In this paper, based on a known formula, we use a simple idea to get a new representation for the density of Malliavin differentiable random variables. This new representation is particularly useful for finding lower bounds for the density.

Probability · Mathematics 2019-12-23 Nguyen Tien Dung

This paper proposes a novel approach to the statistical characterization of non-central complex Gaussian quadratic forms (CGQFs). Its key strategy is the generation of an auxiliary random variable (RV) that converges in distribution to the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-18 Pablo Ramírez-Espinosa , Laureano Moreno-Pozas , José F. Paris , José A. Cortés , Eduardo Martos-Naya

In this letter, we revisit the problem of maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) of parameters of Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and show a new derivation for its parameters. The new derivation, unlike the classical approach employing the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-10 Nitesh Sahu , Prabhu Babu

Non-Gaussian mixture models are gaining increasing attention for mixture model-based clustering particularly when dealing with data that exhibit features such as skewness and heavy tails. Here, such a mixture distribution is presented,…

Computation · Statistics 2020-05-07 Yuan Fang , Dimitris Karlis , Sanjeena Subedi

The Tsallis $q$-Gaussian distribution is a powerful generalization of the standard Gaussian distribution and is commonly used in various fields, including non-extensive statistical mechanics, financial markets and image processing. It…

Computation · Statistics 2023-05-19 Viktor Witkovský

In this paper, the classical problem of the probabilistic characterization of a random variable is re-examined. A random variable is usually described by the probability density function (PDF) or by its Fourier transform, namely the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-01-22 Giulio Cottone , Mario Di Paola

Let $X$ and $Y$ be independent variance-gamma random variables with zero location parameter; then the exact probability density function of the ratio $X/Y$ is derived. Some basic distributional properties are also derived, including…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-02-27 Robert E. Gaunt , Siqi Li

One of the main concepts in quantum physics is a density matrix, which is a symmetric positive definite matrix of trace one. Finite probability distributions can be seen as a special case when the density matrix is restricted to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-12 Manfred K Warmuth , Dima Kuzmin

In this work, we define a family of probability densities involving the generalized trigonometric functions defined by Dr\'abek and Man\'asevich [1], which we name Generalized Trigonometric Densities. We show their relationship with the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 David Puertas-Centeno , Steeve Zozor

Bayesian nonparametric regression under a rescaled Gaussian process prior offers smoothness-adaptive function estimation with near minimax-optimal error rates. Hierarchical extensions of this approach, equipped with stochastic variable…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-12-15 Sheng Jiang , Surya T. Tokdar

The probability density function (PDF) of velocity fluctuations is studied experimentally for grid turbulence in a systematical manner. At small distances from the grid, where the turbulence is still developing, the PDF is sub-Gaussian. At…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-07 H. Mouri , M. Takaoka , A. Hori , Y. Kawashima

We propose a probability distribution for multivariate binary random variables. The probability distribution is expressed as principal minors of the parameter matrix, which is a matrix analogous to the inverse covariance matrix in the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-08 Takashi Arai

A new family of distribution is proposed by using Kumaraswamy-G (Cordeiro and de Castro, 2011) distribution as the base line distribution in the Generalized Marshal-Olkin (Jayakumar and Mathew, 2008) Construction. A number of special cases…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-23 Laba Handique , Subrata Chakraborty

The Voigt profile is the density obtained from the convolution of a Gaussian and a Cauchy and it is widely used in atomic and molecular spectroscopy. We show that the Voigt profile is a scale mixture of Gaussian distributions, with mixing…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-19 Massimo Cannas

Bayesian methods and their implementations by means of sophisticated Monte Carlo techniques, such as Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and particle filters, have become very popular in signal processing over the last years. However, in many…

Computation · Statistics 2012-05-29 Luca Martino , Joaquin Miguez

Standard random-effects meta-analysis relies heavily on the assumption that the underlying true effects are normally distributed. In the social sciences, where evidence synthesis increasingly involves large, highly heterogeneous datasets,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-01 Daihe Sui , Elizabeth Tipton

Monte Carlo maximum likelihood (MCML) provides an elegant approach to find maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) for latent variable models. However, MCML algorithms are computationally expensive when the latent variables are…

Computation · Statistics 2020-08-05 Jaewoo Park , Murali Haran

The family of q-Gaussian and q-exponential probability densities fit the statistical behavior of diverse complex self-similar non-equilibrium systems. These distributions, independently of the underlying dynamics, can rigorously be obtained…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-19 Adrian A. Budini

We discuss the product of $M$ rectangular random matrices with independent Gaussian entries, which have several applications including wireless telecommunication and econophysics. For complex matrices an explicit expression for the joint…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-11-13 Gernot Akemann , Jesper R. Ipsen , Mario Kieburg
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