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With the increasing prevalence of Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) platforms, there is a growing focus on deep neural network (DNN) watermarking techniques. These methods are used to facilitate the verification of ownership for a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Yuxuan Li , Sarthak Kumar Maharana , Yunhui Guo

Multi-bit watermarking (MW) has been designed to enhance resistance against watermarking attacks, such as signal processing operations and geometric distortions. Various benchmark tools exist to assess this robustness through simulated…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Seung-Hun Nam , Jihyeon Kang , Daesik Kim , Namhyuk Ahn , Wonhyuk Ahn

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have demonstrated their superiority in practice. Arguably, the rapid development of DNNs is largely benefited from high-quality (open-sourced) datasets, based on which researchers and developers can easily…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Yiming Li , Yang Bai , Yong Jiang , Yong Yang , Shu-Tao Xia , Bo Li

Following the recent adoption of deep neural networks (DNN) accross a wide range of applications, adversarial attacks against these models have proven to be an indisputable threat. Adversarial samples are crafted with a deliberate intention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-31 Valentina Zantedeschi , Maria-Irina Nicolae , Ambrish Rawat

In recent years as the internet age continues to grow, sharing images on social media has become a common occurrence. In certain cases, watermarks are used as protection for the ownership of the image, however, in more cases, one may wish…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Rongfeng Wei

With the widespread use of deep neural networks (DNNs) in many areas, more and more studies focus on protecting DNN models from intellectual property (IP) infringement. Many existing methods apply digital watermarking to protect the DNN…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Lina Lin , Hanzhou Wu

Digital watermarking techniques are crucial for copyright protection and source identification of images, especially in the era of generative AI models. However, many existing watermarking methods, particularly content-agnostic approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Pei Yang , Hai Ci , Yiren Song , Mike Zheng Shou

As AI advances, copyrighted content faces growing risk of unauthorized use, whether through model training or direct misuse. Building upon invisible adversarial perturbation, recent works developed copyright protections against specific AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Tianci Liu , Tong Yang , Quan Zhang , Qi Lei

Digital watermarking has been widely used to protect the copyright and integrity of multimedia data. Previous studies mainly focus on designing watermarking techniques that are robust to attacks of destroying the embedded watermarks.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Ruowei Wang , Chenguo Lin , Qijun Zhao , Feiyu Zhu

Superimposing visible watermarks on images provides a powerful weapon to cope with the copyright issue. Watermark removal techniques, which can strengthen the robustness of visible watermarks in an adversarial way, have attracted increasing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-29 Jing Liang , Li Niu , Fengjun Guo , Teng Long , Liqing Zhang

Backdoor attack aims to deceive a victim model when facing backdoor instances while maintaining its performance on benign data. Current methods use manual patterns or special perturbations as triggers, while they often overlook the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Ruofei Wang , Renjie Wan , Zongyu Guo , Qing Guo , Rui Huang

With the widespread deployment of deep neural network (DNN) models, dynamic watermarking techniques are being used to protect the intellectual property of model owners. However, recent studies have shown that existing watermarking schemes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Brian Choi , Shu Wang , Isabelle Choi , Kun Sun

This paper proves a new watermarking method to embed the ownership information into a deep neural network (DNN), which is robust to fine-tuning. Specifically, we prove that when the input feature of a convolutional layer only contains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Ling Tang , Yuefeng Chen , Hui Xue , Quanshi Zhang

The rapid growth of transformer-based models increases the concerns about their integrity and ownership insurance. Watermarking addresses this issue by embedding a unique identifier into the model, while preserving its performance. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Pierre Fernandez , Guillaume Couairon , Teddy Furon , Matthijs Douze

Image watermark techniques provide an effective way to assert ownership, deter misuse, and trace content sources, which has become increasingly essential in the era of large generative models. A critical attribute of watermark techniques is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yepeng Liu , Yiren Song , Hai Ci , Yu Zhang , Haofan Wang , Mike Zheng Shou , Yuheng Bu

Despite the tremendous success, deep neural networks are exposed to serious IP infringement risks. Given a target deep model, if the attacker knows its full information, it can be easily stolen by fine-tuning. Even if only its output is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Jie Zhang , Dongdong Chen , Jing Liao , Weiming Zhang , Huamin Feng , Gang Hua , Nenghai Yu

Model watermarking techniques can embed watermark information into the protected model for ownership declaration by constructing specific input-output pairs. However, existing watermarks are easily removed when facing model stealing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Yunfei Yang , Xiaojun Chen , Yuexin Xuan , Zhendong Zhao , Xin Zhao , He Li

The personalization techniques of diffusion models succeed in generating images with specific concepts. This ability also poses great threats to copyright protection and network security since malicious users can generate unauthorized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Liangqi Lei , Keke Gai , Jing Yu , Liehuang Zhu , Qi Wu

Backdoor watermarking is a promising paradigm to protect the copyright of deep neural network (DNN) models. In the existing works on this subject, researchers have intensively focused on watermarking robustness, while the concept of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Guang Hua , Andrew Beng Jin Teoh

Watermarking is a tool for actively identifying and attributing the images generated by latent diffusion models. Existing methods face the dilemma of image quality and watermark robustness. Watermarks with superior image quality usually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Zheling Meng , Bo Peng , Jing Dong