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Let $G=(V,E)$ be a simple graph with $n = |V|$ vertices and $m = |E|$ edges. The first and second Zagreb indices are among the oldest and the most famous topological indices, defined as $M_1 = \sum_{i \in V} d_i^2$ and $M_2 = \sum_{(i, j)…
With an exponentially growing number of graphs from disparate repositories, there is a strong need to analyze a graph database containing an extensive collection of small- or medium-sized data graphs (e.g., chemical compounds). Although…
The Mostar index of a connected graph \(G\) is defined as \[ Mo(G)=\sum_{uv\in E(G)}\bigl|n_u(uv)-n_v(uv)\bigr|, \] where for an edge \(e=uv\), \(n_u(e)\) denotes the number of vertices of \(G\) that are closer to \(u\) than to \(v\). In…
Let $G=(V,E)$ be a simple graph. The concept of Inverse symmetric division deg index $(ISDD)$ was introduced in the chemical graph theory very recently. In spite of this, a few papers have already appeared with this index in the literature.…
Comparison of graph structure is a ubiquitous task in data analysis and machine learning, with diverse applications in fields such as neuroscience, cyber security, social network analysis, and bioinformatics, among others. Discovery and…
We present the analysis of the topological graph descriptor Local Degree Profile (LDP), which forms a widely used structural baseline for graph classification. Our study focuses on model evaluation in the context of the recently developed…
Large graphs are difficult to represent, visualize, and understand. In this paper, we introduce "gate graph" - a new approach to perform graph simplification. A gate graph provides a simplified topological view of the original graph.…
Geodesic distances on manifolds have numerous applications in image processing, computer graphics and computer vision. In this work, we introduce an approach called `LGGD' (Learned Generalized Geodesic Distances). This method involves…
This paper presents a unified approach for localizing some relevant graph topological indices via majorization techniques. Through this method, old and new bounds are derived and numerical examples are provided, showing how former results…
Let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges. The hyper Zagreb index of $G$, denoted by $HM(G)$, is defined as $HM(G) =\sum\limits_{uv \in E(G)}\left[d_{G}(u)+d_G(v)\right]^{2}$ where $d_G(v)$ denotes the degree of a vertex $v$…
In this survey, we explore recent literature on finding the cores of higher graphs using geometric and topological means. We study graphs, hypergraphs, and simplicial complexes, all of which are models of higher graphs. We study the notion…
A skeleton representation of the human body has been proven to be effective for this task. The skeletons are presented in graphs form-like. However, the topology of a graph is not structured like Euclidean-based data. Therefore, a new set…
Graph similarity search is among the most important graph-based applications, e.g. finding the chemical compounds that are most similar to a query compound. Graph similarity computation, such as Graph Edit Distance (GED) and Maximum Common…
The aim of this paper is to obtain new sharp inequalities for a large family of topological indices, including the first variable Zagreb index $M_1^\alpha$, and to characterize the set of extremal graphs with respect to them. Our main…
In this article, we investigate the Zagreb index, a kind of graph-based topological index, of several random networks, including a class of networks extended from random recursive trees, plain-oriented recursive trees, and random…
This paper presents new lower bounds for the first general Zagreb index $Z_{\alpha}(G)$ involving two, three, and four arbitrary degrees of vertices of a simple graph $G$. For the special cases $\alpha = 2$ and $\alpha = -2$, the results…
Geometric, topological and graph theory modeling and analysis of biomolecules are of essential importance in the conceptualization of molecular structure, function, dynamics, and transport. On the one hand, geometric modeling provides…
Recent advances in molecular representation learning have produced highly effective encodings of molecules for numerous cheminformatics and bioinformatics tasks. However, extracting general chemical insight while balancing predictive…
Geometric graphs form an important family of hidden structures behind data. In this paper, we develop an efficient and robust algorithm to infer a graph skeleton of a high-dimensional point cloud dataset (PCD). Previously, there has been…
The Graovac-Pisanski index, which is also called the modified Wiener index, was introduced in 1991 by A. Graovac and T. Pisanski. This variation of the classical Wiener index takes into account the symmetries of a graph. In 2016 M. Ghorbani…