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Related papers: Grid-forming frequency shaping control

200 papers

This paper investigates the transient stability of power systems co-dominated by different types of grid-forming (GFM) devices. Synchronous generators (SGs and VSGs) and droop-controlled inverters are typical GFM devices in modern power…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-13 Xiuqiang He , Hua Geng

A precise estimation of the Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF) is crucial for secure power system operation. In fact, RoCoF is strictly related to the amount of the available physical and/or virtual inertia of the system and the severity…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-06 Gutierrez-Florensa , F. Sanniti , D. Tedeschi , L. Sigrist , A. Ortega , F. Milano

The renewable energy is connected to the power grid through power electronic converters, which are lack of make the inertia of synchronous generator/machine (SM) be lost. The increasing penetration of renewable energy in power system…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-15 Yuan Gao , Hai-Peng Ren , Jie Li

Grid-forming (GFM) inverters are essential for enhancing stability in modern power systems with high penetration of inverter-based resources (IBRs). However, their performance highly depends on control parameters tuning, particularly the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-15 Kyung-Bin Kwon , Min Gyung Yu , Sayak Mukherjee , Timothy I. Salsbury

Power grids are undergoing major changes from a few large producers to smart grids build upon renewable energies. Mathematical models for power grid dynamics have to be adapted to capture, when dynamic nodes can achieve synchronization to a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-07-11 Christian Kuehn , Sebastian Throm

This paper studies the problem of frequency regulation in power grids under unknown and possible time-varying load changes, while minimizing the generation costs. We formulate this problem as an output agreement problem for distribution…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-10-01 Sebastian Trip , Mathias Bürger , Claudio De Persis

Complex droop control, alternatively known as dispatchable virtual oscillator control (dVOC), stands out for its unique capabilities in synchronization and voltage stabilization among existing control strategies for grid-forming converters.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-23 Roger Domingo-Enrich , Xiuqiang He , Verena Häberle , Florian Dörfler

Increased share of renewable sources of energy in a power grid leads to larger deviations in grid frequency from the nominal value resulting in more challenging control and its modelling. In this paper we focus on the grid frequency for the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-10-10 David Kraljic

Proper modeling of inverter-based microgrids is crucial for accurate assessment of stability boundaries. It has been recently realized that the stability conditions for such microgrids are significantly different from those known for large-…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-11-08 Petr Vorobev , Po-Hsu Huang , Mohamed Al Hosani , James L. Kirtley , Konstantin Turitsyn

Complex systems, such as the power grid, are essential for our daily lives. Many complex systems display (multi-)fractal behavior, correlated fluctuations and power laws. Whether the power-grid frequency, an indicator about the balance on…

In this paper, we present an analogy for a power system dominated by grid-forming (GFM) sources that proves to be a powerful visualization tool for analyses of power flow, frequency regulation, and power dispatch. Frequency droop…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-12 Minghui Lu , Brett Ross

The shift from synchronous generators to inverter-based resources has caused power system inertia to be unevenly distributed across power grids. As a result, certain grid regions are more vulnerable to high rate-of-change of frequency…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-27 Saurav Dulal , Mohammed M. Olama , Ali R. Ekti , Nils M. Stenvig , Yilu Liu

In power systems with high penetration of power electronics, grid-forming control is proposed to replace traditional Grid-Following Converter (GFL) in order to improve the overall system strength and resist small-signal instability in weak…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-31 Guoxuan Cui , Zhongda Chu , Fei Teng

This paper addresses the distributed optimal frequency control of power systems considering a network-preserving model with nonlinear power flows and excitation voltage dynamics. Salient features of the proposed distributed control strategy…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Zhaojian Wang , Feng Liu , John Z. F. Pang , Steven Low , Shengwei Mei

In order to prevent the potential frequency instability due to the high Power Electronics (PE) penetration under an unintentional islanding event, this paper presents a novel microgrid scheduling model which explicitly models the system…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-01 Zhongda Chu , Ning Zhang , Fei Teng

This letter proposes a dual model for grid-forming (GFM) controlled converters. The model is inspired from the observation that the structures of the active and reactive power equations of lossy synchronous machine models are almost…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-12 Federico Milano

This paper develops a nonlinear grid-forming (GFM) controller with provable voltage-formation guarantees, with over-current limiting enforced via a control-barrier-function (CBF)-based safety filter. The nominal controller follows a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-04 Bhathiya Rathnayake , Sijia Geng

This paper investigates the design and analysis of a novel grid-forming (GFM) control method for grid-connected converters (GCCs). The core novelty lies in a virtual flux observer-based synchronization and load angle control method. The…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-26 Xueqing Gao , Jun Zhang , Tao Li , Mingming Zhang

Declines in cost and concerns about the environmental impact of traditional generation have boosted the penetration of renewables and non-conventional distributed energy resources into the power grid. The intermittent availability of these…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-10 Priyank Srivastava , Patricia Hidalgo-Gonzalez , Jorge Cortes

Future power grids will be operating a large number of heterogeneous dynamical actors. Many of these will contribute to the fundamental dynamical stability of the system. By taking a complexity theoretic perspective we derive a normal form…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-01-14 Raphael Kogler , Anton Plietzsch , Paul Schultz , Frank Hellmann