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In this paper disprove a conjecture by Pal and Budaghyan (DCC, 2024) on the existence of a family of APN permutations, but showing that if the field's cardinality $q$ is larger than~$9587$, then those functions will never be APN. Moreover,…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-05-06 Daniele Bartoli , Pantelimon Stanica

It is known that crooked functions can be used to construct many interesting combinatorial objects, and a quadratic function is crooked if and only if it is almost perfect nonlinear (APN). In this paper, we introduce two infinite classes of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-11-08 Xueying Duan , Qichun Wang

Differentially 4-uniform permutations on $\gf_{2^{2k}}$ with high nonlinearity are often chosen as Substitution boxes in both block and stream ciphers. Recently, Qu et al. introduced a class of functions, which are called preferred…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-07-22 Longjiang Qu , Yin Tan , Chao Li , Guang Gong

Only three classes of Almost Perfect Nonlinear (for short, APN) power functions over odd characteristic finite fields have been investigated in the literature, and their differential spectra were determined. The differential uniformity of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Haode Yan , Sihem Mesnager , Xiantong Tan

In 2021, Calderini et al. introduced a construction for APN functions on $\mathbb{F}_{2^{2m}}$ in bivariate form $$ f(x,y)=\big(xy,\, x^{2^r+1} + x^{2^{r+m/2}} y^{2^{m/2}} + bxy^{2^r} + cy^{2^r+1}\big),\quad r < m/2,\quad \gcd(r, m) = 1. $$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-07 Daniele Bartoli , Marco Calderini , Giuseppe Marino , Francesco Pavese

In this paper, by the Hasse-Weil bound, we determine the necessary and sufficient condition on coefficients $a_1,a_2,a_3\in\mathbb{F}_{2^n}$ with $n=2m$ such that $f(x) = {x}^{3\cdot2^m} + a_1x^{2^{m+1}+1} + a_2 x^{2^m+2} + a_3x^3$ is an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Kangquan Li , Chunlei Li , Tor Helleseth , Longjiang Qu

Functions with low differential uniformity have relevant applications in cryptography. Recently, functions with low $c$-differential uniformity attracted lots of attention. In particular, so-called APcN and PcN functions (generalization of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-05 Daniele Bartoli , Marco Calderini

Dillon observed that an APN function $F$ over $\mathbb{F}_2^{n}$ with $n$ greater than $2$ must satisfy the condition $\{F(x) + F(y) + F(z) + F(x + y + z) \,:\, x,y,z \in\mathbb{F}_2^n\}= \mathbb{F}_2^n$. Recently, Taniguchi (2023)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Matteo Abbondati , Marco Calderini , Irene Villa

We present two infinite families of APN functions where the degree of the field is divisible by 3 but not 9. Our families contain two already known families as special cases. We also discuss the inequivalence proof (by computation) which…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-05-01 Carl Bracken , Eimear Byrne , Nadya Markin , Gary McGuire

APN permutations in even dimension are vectorial Boolean functions that play a special role in the design of block ciphers. We study their properties, providing some general results and some applications to the low-dimension cases. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-03-24 Marco Calderini , Massimilano Sala , Irene Villa

Almost perfect nonlinear (APN) functions on finite fields of characteristic two have been studied by many researchers. Such functions have useful properties and applications in cryptography, finite geometries and so on. However APN…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-09 Masamichi Kuroda , Shuhei Tsujie

In a recent paper, it is shown that functions of the form $L_1(x^3)+L_2(x^9)$, where $L_1$ and $L_2$ are linear, are a good source for construction of new infinite families of APN functions. In the present work we study necessary and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-10-25 Irene Villa

Let $F$ be a finite field, let $f$ be a function from $F$ to $F$, and let $a$ be a nonzero element of $F$. The discrete derivative of $f$ in direction $a$ is $\Delta_a f \colon F \to F$ with $(\Delta_a f)(x)=f(x+a)-f(x)$. The differential…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Daniel J. Katz , Kathleen R. O'Connor , Kyle Pacheco , Yakov Sapozhnikov

APN functions play a big role as primitives in symmetric cryptography as building blocks that yield optimal resistance to differential attacks. In this note, we consider a recent extension of a biprojective APN family by G\"olo\u{g}lu…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-23 Lukas Kölsch

Using recent results on solving the equation $X^{2^k+1}+X+a=0$ over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_{2^n}$, we address an open question raised by the first author in WAIFI 2014 concerning the APN-ness of the Kasami functions $x\mapsto…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Claude Carlet , Kwang Ho Kim , Sihem Mesnager

Assume $n=2m\geq 2$ and let $F(x)=x^{d_1}+x^{d_2}$ be a binomial vectorial function over $\F_{2^n}$ possessing the maximal number (i.e. $2^n-2^m$) of bent components. Suppose the $2$-adic Hamming weights $\wt_2(d_1)$ and $\wt_2(d_2)$ are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Xianhong Xie , Yi Ouyang , Shenxing Zhang

We give all the polynomials functions of degree 20 which are APN over an infinity of field extensions and show they are all CCZ-equivalent to the function $x^5$, which is a new step in proving the conjecture of Aubry, McGuire and Rodier.

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-01-28 Florian Caullery

In this paper we compute the Fourier spectra of some recently discovered binomial APN functions. One consequence of this is the determination of the nonlinearity of the functions, which measures their resistance to linear cryptanalysis.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2008-12-18 Carl Bracken , Eimear Byrne , Nadya Markin , Gary McGuire

A Sidon set $M$ is a subset of $\mathbb{F}_2^t$ such that the sum of four distinct elements of $M$ is never 0. The goal is to find Sidon sets of large size. In this note we show that the graphs of almost perfect nonlinear (APN) functions…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-05 Ingo Czerwinski , Alexander Pott

We consider an infinite family of exponents $e(l,k)$ with two parameters, $l$ and $k$, and derive sufficient conditions for $e(l,k)$ to be 0-APN over $\mathbb{F}_{2^n}$. These conditions allow us to generate, for each choice of $l$ and $k$,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-10 Nikolay Kaleyski , Kjetil Nesheim , Patenlimon Stănică