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Experimental 21 cm cosmology aims to detect the formation of the first stars during the cosmic dawn and the subsequent epoch of reionization by utilizing the 21 cm hydrogen line transition. While several experiments have published results…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-23 John Cumner , Carla Pieterse , Dirk De Villiers , Eloy de Lera Acedo

This two-part paper aims to develop an environment-aware network-level design framework for generalized pinching-antenna systems to overcome the limitations of conventional link-level optimization, which is tightly coupled to instantaneous…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-20 Yanqing Xu , Zhiguo Ding , Xiu Yin Zhang , Trung Q. Duong , Tsung-Hui Chang

This paper studies the channel model for the integrated satellite-terrestrial networks operating at C-band under deployment in dense urban and rural areas. Particularly, the interference channel from the low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-22 Hung Nguyen-Kha , Vu Nguyen Ha , Eva Lagunas , Symeon Chatzinotas , Joel Grotz

We summarise the mathematical foundation of the holographic method of measuring the reflector profile of an antenna or radio telescope. In particular, we treat the case, where the signal source is located at a finite distance from the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-18 J. W. M. Baars , R. Lucas , J. G. Mangum , J. A. Lopez-Perez

We have analysed VSOP (VLBI Space Observatory Programme) data at 5 GHz and ground-based VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry) data at 15 GHz for the GHz-Peaked Spectrum (GPS) radio galaxy 2021+614. Its morphology is consistent with it…

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) are an emerging technology that promises a significant diversity gain even in the smallest spaces. Motivated by the groundbreaking potentials of liquid antennas, researchers in the wireless communication…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Malek Khammassi , Abla Kammoun , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

It is common practice in wireless communications to assume strict or wide-sense stationarity of the wireless channel in time and frequency. While this approximation has some physical justification, it is only valid inside certain…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-09-19 Adrian Ispas , Christian Schneider , Gerd Ascheid , Reiner Thomä

GPS spoofing poses a growing threat to aviation by falsifying satellite signals and misleading aircraft navigation systems. This paper demonstrates a proof-of-concept spoofing detection strategy based on analyzing satellite Carrier-to-Noise…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Vienna Li , Justin Villa , Dan Diessner , Jayson Clifford , Laxima Niure Kandel

Using the international ground-based network of two-frequency receivers of the GPS navigation system provides a means of carrying out a global, continuous and fully-computerized monitoring of phase fluctuations of signals from…

Geophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. L. Afraimovich , V. A. Karachenschev

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) provide the backbone of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) but remain vulnerable to interference. Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations within Fifth-Generation (5G) Non-Terrestrial Networks…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Idir Edjekouane , Alejandro González Garrido , Jorge Querol , Symeon Chatzinotas

A novel GPASS architecture is proposed for jointly learning pinching beamforming and transmit beamforming in pinching antenna systems (PASS). The GPASS is with a staged architecture, where the positions of pinching antennas are first…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-04 Jia Guo , Yuanwei Liu , Arumugam Nallanathan

Artificial satellites perform downlink communication or transmission with earth stations. These transmissions are made from an array of antennas chosen to increase directivity and gain in the transmission of the electromagnetic signal. It…

As rail transport moves toward higher degrees of automation under initiatives like the R2DATO project [1], accurate and reliable train localization has become essential. Global Satellite Navigation System (GNSS) is considered as a main…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-16 Syed Ali Kazim , Anas Darwich , Juliette Marais

Accurately predicting the performance of active radio frequency (RF) circuits is essential for modern wireless systems but remains challenging due to highly nonlinear, layout-sensitive behavior and the high computational cost of traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Anahita Asadi , Leonid Popryho , Inna Partin-Vaisband

The evolution toward the sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks has flexible reconfigurable antenna architectures capable of adapting their radiation characteristics to the surrounding environment. At the center-stage, while waveguide…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-05 Kaidi Wang , Zhiguo Ding , Lajos Hanzo

Microstrip patch antennas are low-profile and robust when mounted on rigid surfaces of the devices making them suitable for communication and millimeter-wave applications. In this paper, an antenna is designed for the resonant frequency of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-08-23 Sheetal Punia , Suman Danani , Hitesh B. Pandya

The impact of 5G networks transmitting between 24.25- 27.5 GHz on Earth Exploration Satellite Services (EESS) microwave sounders used to measure atmospheric water vapor and temperature was widely discussed and modeled in preparation for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-29 Elliot Eichen

In this work, we present the results of a wideband measurement campaign at 60 GHz conducted inside a Linkker electric city bus. Targeting prospective millimeter-wave (mmWave) public transportation wearable scenarios, we mimic a typical…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-02-07 Vasilii Semkin , Aleksei Ponomarenko-Timofeev , Aki Karttunen , Olga Galinina , Sergey Andreev , Yevgeni Koucheryavy

Delivering Gbps high user rate over long distances (around 1 km) is challenging, and the abundant spectrum available in millimeter wave band cannot solve the challenge by its own due to the severe path loss and other limitations. Since it…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Jinfeng Du , Efe Onaran , Dmitry Chizhik , Sivarama Venkatesan , Reinaldo A. Valenzuela

In Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-degraded environments, pseudolites (PLs) provide additional signal sources to enhance positioning performance, but their integration in optimization-based frameworks remains limited. This paper…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Chih-Chun Chen , Lipeng Tan , Shiyu Bai , Heike Vallery