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In this paper we present a measurement set-up for massive MIMO channel sounding that shows very good long-term phase stability. Initial measurements were performed in a residential area to evaluate different conventional precoding schemes…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-03 Marc Gauger , Maximilian Arnold , Stephan ten Brink

Presence of multiple antennas on both sides of a communication channel promises significant improvements in system throughput and power efficiency. In effect, a new class of large multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-01-28 Maksym A. Girnyk , Mikko Vehkaperä , Lars K. Rasmussen

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is the development trend of future wireless communications. However, the extremely large-scale antenna array could bring inevitable nearfield and dual-wideband effects that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Jie Xu , Li You , George C. Alexandropoulos , Xinping Yi , Wenjin Wang , Xiqi Gao

Clustering large datasets is a fundamental problem with a number of applications in machine learning. Data is often collected on different sites and clustering needs to be performed in a distributed manner with low communication. We would…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-02-02 Jiecao Chen , He Sun , David P. Woodruff , Qin Zhang

This paper studies scalable conjugate beamforming (CB) variants for physical-layer multicasting in cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) systems. Focusing on fully distributed precoding, we analyze classical CB,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Alejandro de la Fuente , Adrián Espinosa , Jan García-Morales , Guillem Femenias , Felip Riera-Palou

In this paper, we study the downlink performance of two important 5G network architectures, i.e. massive multiple-input multiple-output (M-MIMO) and small-cell densification. We propose a comparative modeling for the two systems, where the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-09-15 Hieu Duy Nguyen , Sumei Sun

The beam squint effect, which manifests in different steering matrices in different sub-bands, has been widely considered a challenge in millimeter wave (mmWave) multiinput multi-output (MIMO) channel estimation. Existing methods either…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-21 Le Xu , Lei Cheng , Ngai Wong , Yik-Chung Wu , H. Vincent Poor

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems operating at sub-THz carrier frequencies represent a promising solution to meet the demands of next-generation wireless applications. This work focuses on sparse channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-13 Vidya Bhasker Shukla , Italo Atzeni

We derive a criterion on the measurability / identifiability of Multiple--Input Multiple--Output (MIMO) channels based on the size of the so-called spreading support of its subchannels. Novel MIMO transmission techniques provide…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Goetz E. Pfander

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) can improve the overall system performance significantly. Massive MIMO systems, however, may require a large number of radio frequency (RF) chains that could cause high cost and power…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Hwanjin Kim , Junil Choi

Future wireless communication systems are envisioned to support ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC), which will enable new applications such as compute offloading, wireless real-time control, and reliable monitoring.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-01 Christian Nelson , Sara Willhammar , Fredrik Tufvesson

This paper presents a detailed measurement campaign and a comprehensive analysis of 15 GHz ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output (UM-MIMO) channels tailored for the urban microcell (UMi) environment. Channel sounding is performed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-28 Panpan Shi , Yang Wang , Xi Liao , Tianhao Li , Jiliang Zhang , Jie Zhang

The performance of centralized and distributed massive MIMO deployments are analyzed for indoor office scenarios. The distributed deployments use one of the following precoding methods: (1) local precoding with local channel state…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-11 Stefan Dierks , Gerhard Kramer , Berthold Panzner , Wolfgang Zirwas

Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) and extremely large-scale MIMO (XL-MIMO) are regarded as promising innovations for the forthcoming generation of wireless communication systems. Their significant advantages in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Zhilong Liu , Jiayi Zhang , Ziheng Liu , Hongyang Du , Zhe Wang , Dusit Niyato , Mohsen Guizani , Bo Ai

This work establishes a framework of near-field communication under different array geometries of extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO). We first formulate the near-field spatial non-stationary channel model which…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Kangda Zhi , Yi Song , Tianyu Yang , Tuo Wu , Tengjiao Wang , Songyan Xue , Fangzhou Wu , Giuseppe Caire

Channel models for massive MIMO are typically based on matrices with complex Gaussian entries, extended by the Kronecker and Weichselberger model. One reason for observing a gap between modeled and actual channel behavior is the absence of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Maximilian Arnold , Johannes Pfeiffer , Stephan ten Brink

Accurate channel estimation is essential for reliable communication in sub-THz extremely large (XL) MIMO systems. Deploying XL-MIMO in high-frequency bands not only increases the number of antennas, but also fundamentally alters channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-15 Wen-Xuan Long , Marco Moretti , Michele Morelli , Luca Sanguinetti , Rui Chen

Holographic Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MIMO) is envisioned as a promising technology to realize unprecedented spectral efficiency by integrating a large number of antennas into a compact space. Most research on holographic MIMO is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-02 Yuan Zhang , Jianhua Zhang , Yuxiang Zhang , Yuan Yao , Guangyi Liu

Cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, which exploit many geographically distributed access points to coherently serve user equipments via spatial multiplexing on the same time-frequency resource, has become a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Jiakang Zheng , Jiayi Zhang , Hongyang Du , Dusit Niyato , Bo Ai , Mérouane Debbah , Khaled B. Letaief

Channel estimation is one of the key issues in practical massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Compared with conventional estimation algorithms, deep learning (DL) based ones have exhibited great potential in terms of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Jiabao Gao , Mu Hu , Caijun Zhong , Geoffrey Ye Li , Zhaoyang Zhang