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We study the cross-correlation between the stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) generated by binary black hole (BBH) mergers across the universe and the distribution of galaxies across the sky. We use the anisotropic SGWB…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-29 Kate Z. Yang , Jishnu Suresh , Giulia Cusin , Sharan Banagiri , Noelle Feist , Vuk Mandic , Claudia Scarlata , Ioannis Michaloliakos

We propose a method for separating and detecting the non-tensor modes of stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds (SGWBs) using networks of space-based gravitational-wave detectors. We consider four distinct data-reconstruction schemes for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-24 Bo Mu , Zong-Kuan Guo

The next generation of space- and ground-based facilities promise to reveal an entirely new picture of the gravitational wave sky: thousands of galactic and extragalactic binary signals, as well as stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-03 James Alvey , Uddipta Bhardwaj , Valerie Domcke , Mauro Pieroni , Christoph Weniger

Binary neutron stars (BNSs) are one of the most important gravitational wave (GW) sources, which provide key insights to evolution of massive binary stars and nuclear physics. Beyond Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), Taiji, and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-18 Zhiwei Chen , Youjun Lu , Yuchao Luo , Jihui Zhang , Xiao Guo , Jifeng Liu , Wei-Tou Ni

There are tens of millions of compact binary systems in the Milky Way, called galactic binaries (GBs), most of which are unresolved, and the Gravitational waves (GWs) emitted overlap to form foreground confusion. By simulating such…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-22 Jie Wu , Jin Li

Beyond individually resolvable gravitational wave events such as binary black hole and binary neutron star mergers, the superposition of many more weak signals coming from a multitude of sources is expected to contribute to an overall…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-14 Nick van Remortel , Kamiel Janssens , Kevin Turbang

Spectra of the stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds from cosmic strings are calculated and compared with present and future experimental limits. Background spectra are calculated numerically for dimensionless string tensions G mu/c^2…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Matthew R. DePies , Craig J. Hogan

Space-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors will open the millihertz band to survey ultra-compact binaries (UCBs). \textit{Verification binaries} (VBs) is a key to verifying the performance of space-based GW detectors because its…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-03 Zi-Heng Yu , Sen Yang , Liangliang Ren , Shun-Jia Huang

The stochastic cosmological gravitational-wave background (CGWB) provides a direct window to study early universe phenomena and fundamental physics. With the proposed third-generation ground-based gravitational wave detectors, Einstein…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-16 Ashish Sharma , Jan Harms

Third-generation gravitational wave detectors, such as the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer, will detect a bunch of gravitational-wave (GW) signals originating from the coalescence of binary neutron star (BNS) and binary black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-18 Yoshiaki Himemoto , Atsushi Nishizawa , Atsushi Taruya

Context. The Astrophysical Gravitational Wave Background (AGWB) is a collective signal of astrophysical gravitational wave sources and is dominated by compact binaries. Its measurement is one of the science goals of current and future…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-02-14 Seppe Staelens , Gijs Nelemans

Gravitational wave (GW) observations have provided a novel tool to explore the universe. In the near future, space-borne detectors will further open the window of low-frequency GW band where abundant sources exist and invaluable information…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-21 Rui Niu , Wen Zhao

The temporal dependence of the astrophysical stochastic gravitational-wave (GW) background (SGWB) in the hecto-hertz band brings a unique avenue to identify multi-messenger signals to these sources by using coincident detection in both GW…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-28 Hardik Jitendra Kuralkar , Mohit Raj Sah , Suvodip Mukherjee

The detection of a stochastic gravitational wave background by pulsar-timing arrays indicates the presence of a population of supermassive black hole binaries. Although the observed spectrum generally matches predictions for orbital…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-06 Yifan Chen , Matthias Daniel , Daniel J. D'Orazio , Xuanye Fan , Andrea Mitridate , Laura Sagunski , Xiao Xue , Gabriella Agazie , Akash Anumarlapudi , Anne M. Archibald , Zaven Arzoumanian , Jeremy G. Baier , Paul T. Baker , Bence Bécsy , Laura Blecha , Adam Brazier , Paul R. Brook , Sarah Burke-Spolaor , Rand Burnette , J. Andrew Casey-Clyde , Maria Charisi , Shami Chatterjee , Tyler Cohen , James M. Cordes , Neil J. Cornish , Fronefield Crawford , H. Thankful Cromartie , Kathryn Crowter , Megan E. DeCesar , Paul B. Demorest , Heling Deng , Lankeswar Dey , Timothy Dolch , Elizabeth C. Ferrara , William Fiore , Emmanuel Fonseca , Gabriel E. Freedman , Emiko C. Gardiner , Nate Garver-Daniels , Peter A. Gentile , Kyle A. Gersbach , Joseph Glaser , Deborah C. Good , Kayhan Gültekin , Jeffrey S. Hazboun , Ross J. Jennings , Aaron D. Johnson , Megan L. Jones , David L. Kaplan , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Matthew Kerr , Joey S. Key , Nima Laal , Michael T. Lam , William G. Lamb , Bjorn Larsen , T. Joseph W. Lazio , Natalia Lewandowska , Tingting Liu , Duncan R. Lorimer , Jing Luo , Ryan S. Lynch , Chung-Pei Ma , Dustin R. Madison , Alexander McEwen , James W. McKee , Maura A. McLaughlin , Natasha McMann , Bradley W. Meyers , Patrick M. Meyers , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Cherry Ng , David J. Nice , Stella Koch Ocker , Ken D. Olum , Timothy T. Pennucci , Benetge B. P. Perera , Polina Petrov , Nihan S. Pol , Henri A. Radovan , Scott M. Ransom , Paul S. Ray , Joseph D. Romano , Jessie C. Runnoe , Alexander Saffer , Shashwat C. Sardesai , Ann Schmiedekamp , Carl Schmiedekamp , Kai Schmitz , Brent J. Shapiro-Albert , Xavier Siemens , Joseph Simon , Magdalena S. Siwek , Sophia V. Sosa Fiscella , Ingrid H. Stairs , Daniel R. Stinebring , Kevin Stovall , Abhimanyu Susobhanan , Joseph K. Swiggum , Jacob Taylor , Stephen R. Taylor , Jacob E. Turner , Caner Unal , Michele Vallisneri , Rutger van Haasteren , Sarah J. Vigeland , Haley M. Wahl , Caitlin A. Witt , David Wright , Olivia Young

The high redshift merger rate and mass distribution of black hole binaries provide a direct probe to distinguish astrophysical black holes (ABHs) and primordial black holes (PBHs), which can be studied using the Stochastic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-18 Mohit Raj Sah , Suvodip Mukherjee

We present a systematic study of likelihood functions used for Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) searches. By dividing the data into many short segments, one customarily takes advantage of the Central Limit Theorem to justify…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-02 Gabriele Franciolini , Mauro Pieroni , Angelo Ricciardone , Joseph D. Romano

The nanohertz gravitational wave background (GWB) is believed to be dominated by GW emission from supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs). Observations of several dual active galactic nuclei (AGN) strongly suggest a link between AGN and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-01-24 J. Andrew Casey-Clyde , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Jenny E. Greene , Kris Pardo , Morgan Nañez , Andy D. Goulding

Merging compact black-hole (BH) binaries are likely to exist in the nuclear star clusters around supermassive BHs (SMBHs), such as Sgr A$^\ast$. They may also form in the accretion disks of active galactic nuclei. Such compact binaries can…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-01-26 Bin Liu , Dong Lai

Convincing evidence of a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background has been found by the NANOGrav Collaboration in the 15-year data set. From this signal, we can evaluate the possibility of its source being from the early Universe…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-30 Chris Choi , Jacob Magallanes , Murman Gurgenidze , Tina Kahniashvili