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The common assumption that precision is the limit of accuracy in localization microscopy and the typical absence of comprehensive calibration of optical microscopes lead to a widespread issue - overconfidence in measurement results with…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-06-21 Craig R. Copeland , Jon Geist , Craig D. McGray , Vladimir A. Aksyuk , J. Alexander Liddle , B. Robert Ilic , Samuel M. Stavis

The precise determination of the position of point-like emitters and scatterers using far-field optical imaging techniques is of utmost importance for a wide range of applications in medicine, biology, astronomy, and physics. Although the…

Nanoscale localization of point emitters is critical to several methods in optical fluorescence microscopy, including single-molecule super-resolution imaging and tracking. While the precision of the localization procedure has been the…

Optics · Physics 2020-07-15 Petar N. Petrov , W. E. Moerner

Estimation of optical aberrations from volumetric intensity images is a key step in sensorless adaptive optics for 3D microscopy. Recent approaches based on deep learning promise accurate results at fast processing speeds. However,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-28 Debayan Saha , Uwe Schmidt , Qinrong Zhang , Aurelien Barbotin , Qi Hu , Na Ji , Martin J. Booth , Martin Weigert , Eugene W. Myers

Traceability to the International System of Units (SI) is fundamental to measurement accuracy and reliability. In this study, we demonstrate subnanometer traceability of localization microscopy, establishing a metrological foundation for…

Precise alignment of the electron beam is critical for successful application of scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEM) to understanding materials at atomic level. Despite the success of aberration correctors, aberration…

Precise sensor calibration is critical for autonomous vehicles as a prerequisite for perception algorithms to function properly. Rotation error of one degree can translate to position error of meters in target object detection at large…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Zhongyuan Li , Honggang Gou , Ping Li , Jiaotong Guo , Mao Ye

High-throughput 2D and 3D scanning electron microscopy, which relies on automation and dependable control algorithms, requires high image quality with minimal human intervention. Classical focus and astigmatism correction algorithms attempt…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-05-10 Philipp Johannes Schubert , Rangoli Saxena , Joergen Kornfeld

Super-resolution microscopy has revolutionized the imaging of complex physical and biological systems by surpassing the Abbe diffraction limit. Recent advancements, particularly in single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), have pushed…

We present a method that can simultaneously locate positions of overlapped multi-emitters at the theoretical-limit precision. We derive a set of simple equations whose solution gives the maximum likelihood estimator of multi-emitter…

Optics · Physics 2015-12-21 Yuto Ashida , Masahito Ueda

Robustly and accurately localizing objects in real-world environments can be challenging due to noisy data, hardware limitations, and the inherent randomness of physical systems. To account for these factors, existing works estimate the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Moussa Kassem Sbeyti , Michelle Karg , Christian Wirth , Azarm Nowzad , Sahin Albayrak

Conventional multi-projector calibration requires projecting and capturing structured light patterns for each projector sequentially, causing calibration time and effort to increase linearly with the number of projectors. This scalability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Takumi Kawano , Kohei Miura , Daisuke Iwai

Localization is a key feature of future Sixth Generation (6G) net-works with foreseen accuracy requirements down to the millimeter level, to enable novel applications in the fields of telesurgery, high-precision manufacturing, and others.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-25 Andrea Bedin , Joerg Widmer , Melanny Davila , Marco Canil , Rafael Ruiz

Multifocal microscopy affords fast acquisition of microscopic 3D images. This is made possible using a multifocal grating optic, however this induces chromatic dispersion effects into the point spread function impacting image quality and…

Optics · Physics 2020-08-25 M. Junaid Amin , Sabine Petry , Joshua W. Shaevitz , Haw Yang

Localization microscopy is an imaging technique in which the positions of individual nanoscale point emitters (e.g. fluorescent molecules) are determined at high precision from their images. This is the key ingredient in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-01 Elias Nehme , Daniel Freedman , Racheli Gordon , Boris Ferdman , Lucien E. Weiss , Onit Alalouf , Reut Orange , Tomer Michaeli , Yoav Shechtman

Fourier ptychographic microscopy is a computational imaging technique that provides quantitative phase information and high resolution over a large field-of-view. Although the technique presents numerous advantages over conventional…

Optics · Physics 2021-09-16 Eric Li , Stuart Sherwin , Gautam Gunjala , Laura Waller

Current traditional methods for LiDAR-camera extrinsics estimation depend on offline targets and human efforts, while learning-based approaches resort to iterative refinement for calibration results, posing constraints on their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Shuang Xu , Sifan Zhou , Zhi Tian , Jizhou Ma , Qiong Nie , Xiangxiang Chu

Camera calibration is a process of paramount importance in computer vision applications that require accurate quantitative measurements. The popular method developed by Zhang relies on the use of a large number of images of a planar grid of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Katia Genovese

Calibration is commonly evaluated by comparing model confidence with its empirical correctness, implicitly treating reliability as a function of the confidence score alone. However, this view can hide substantial structure: models may be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Katarzyna Kobalczyk , Mihaela van der Schaar

Light localization by scattering is a fundamental mechanism driving phase transitions of wave transport in disordered systems. Characterizing the localization length in scattering systems is crucial yet challenging. In this Letter, we…

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