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Switchable order parameters in ferroic materials are essential for functional electronic devices, yet disruptions of the ordering can take the form of planar boundaries or defects that exhibit distinct properties. Characterizing the…

The hardest materials in living organisms are biologically grown crystalline minerals, or biominerals, which are also incredibly fracture-tough. Biomineral mesostructure includes size, shape, spatial arrangement, and crystal orientation of…

The stability, structure and properties of carbonate minerals at lower mantle conditions has significant impact on our understanding of the global carbon cycle and the composition of the interior of the Earth. In recent years, there has…

Direct observation of organic molecular nanocrystals and their evolution using electron microscopy is extremely challenging, due to their radiation sensitivity and complex structure. Here, we introduce 4D-scanning confocal electron…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-06-15 Mingjian Wu , Christina Harreiss , Colin Ophus , Erdmann Spiecker

Over decades, guided by the anionic group theory, the majority work has been focused on the anionic-moiety of a nonlinear optical material, however, the property guided structure modification and design on the cationic-moiety has long been…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-04-19 Yi-Chang Yang , Xin Liu , Jing Lu , Li-Ming Wu , Ling Chen

We present here an overview of Coherent X-ray Diffraction Imaging (CXDI) with its application to nanostructures. This imaging approach has become especially important recently due to advent of X-ray Free-Electron Lasers (XFEL) and its…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-04-22 Ivan A. Vartanyants , Oleksandr M. Yefanov

The theoretical studies of light absorption and scattering spectra of the plexcitonic two-layer triangular nanoprisms and three-layer nanospheres are reported. The optical properties of such metal-organic core--shell and core--double-shell…

Sub-angstrom spatial resolution of electron density coupled with sub-femtosecond temporal resolution is required to directly observe the dynamics of the electronic structure of a molecule after photoinitiation or some other ultrafast…

Aperiodic crystals are the intermediates between strictly periodic crystalline matter and amorphous solids. The lack of translational symmetry combined with intrinsic long-range order endows aperiodic crystals with unique physical…

X-ray scattering is one of the primary tools to determine crystallographic configuration with atomic accuracy. However, the measurement of ultrafast structural dynamics in monolayer crystals remains a long-standing challenge due to a…

Second-order nonlinear optics is the base for a large variety of devices aimed at the active manipulation of light. However, physical principles restrict its occurrence to non-centrosymmetric, anisotropic matter. This significantly limits…

Ptychography has become prominent at synchrotron facilities worldwide for characterizing biological and material specimens' topological structures and properties at the nanometer or atomic scale, due to its lens - less, highly quantitative…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-28 Tao Liu , Bingyang Wang , JiangTao Zhao , Maik Kahnt , Fucai Zhang

Zeolites, as representative porous materials, possess intricate three-dimensional frameworks that endow them with high surface areas and remarkable catalytic properties. There are a few factors that give a huge influence on the catalytic…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-04-25 Enci Zhang , Zhuoya Dong , Xubin Han , Jianhua Zhang , Yanhang Ma , Huaidong Jiang

This research chapter provides a comprehensive overview of ferromagnetic gyroidal nanostructures, combining a review of state-of-the-art research with our new findings on their implications for 3D magnonics. Both static and dynamic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Mateusz Gołębiewski , Maciej Krawczyk

Due to the mirror symmetry breaking, chiral structures show fantastic electromagnetic (EM) properties involving negative refraction, giant optical activity, and asymmetric transmission. Aligned electric and magnetic dipoles excited in…

Classical Physics · Physics 2019-08-26 Menglin L. N. Chen , Li Jun Jiang , Wei E. I. Sha , Wallace C. H. Choy , Tatsuo Itoh

Circular dichroism (CD), i.e. the differential response of a system to left and right circularly polarized light, is one of the only techniques capable of providing morphological information of certain samples. In biology, for instance, CD…

We have presented computer simulations of conoscopic patterns occurring in optically uniaxial gyrotropic crystals in the vicinity of isotropic point for a number of sets of crystal parameters and orientations. The appearance of special…

Optics · Physics 2007-08-31 Yu. Vasylkiv , Yu. Nastishin , R. Vlokh

Scaled particle theory for a binary mixture of hard discorectangles and for a binary mixture of hard rectangles is used to predict possible liquid-crystal demixing scenarios in two dimensions. Through a bifurcation analysis from the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-11 Yuri Martinez-Raton , Enrique Velasco , Luis Mederos

X-ray scattering has been an indispensable tool in advancing our understanding of matter, from the first evidence of the crystal lattice to recent discoveries of nuclei's fastest dynamics. In addition to the lattice, ultrafast resonant…

The development and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) topological magnetic textures has become an important topic in modern magnetism both for fundamental and technological perspectives. Among the novel 3D spin textures, skyrmionic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-07-05 M. Grelier , R. Battistelli , H. Popescu , F. Godel , A. Vecchiola , S. Collin , C. Léveillé , K. Bouzehouane , F. Büttner , V. Cros , N. Jaouen , N. Reyren
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