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Commercial head-mounted eye trackers provide useful features to customers in industry and research but are expensive and rely on closed source hardware and software. This limits the application areas and use of mobile eye tracking to expert…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-05-02 Moritz Kassner , William Patera , Andreas Bulling

Unconstrained remote gaze estimation remains challenging mostly due to its vulnerability to the large variability in head-pose. Prior solutions struggle to maintain reliable accuracy in unconstrained remote gaze tracking. Among them,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Zhecan Wang , Jian Zhao , Cheng Lu , Han Huang , Fan Yang , Lianji Li , Yandong Guo

Measuring pupil diameter is vital for gaining insights into physiological and psychological states - traditionally captured by expensive, specialized equipment like Tobii eye-trackers and Pupillabs glasses. This paper presents a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Vijul Shah , Ko Watanabe , Brian B. Moser , Andreas Dengel

Human eye gaze detection plays an important role in various fields, including human-computer interaction, virtual reality and cognitive science. Although different relatively accurate systems of eye tracking and gaze detection exist, they…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-09-13 Ehsan Arbabi , Mohammad Shabani , Ali Yarigholi

In this paper a review is presented of the research on eye gaze estimation techniques and applications, that has progressed in diverse ways over the past two decades. Several generic eye gaze use-cases are identified: desktop, TV,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Anuradha Kar , Peter Corcoran

Gaze tracking is an important technology as the system can give information about a person from what and where the person is seeing. There have been many attempts to make robust and accurate gaze trackers using either monitor or wearable…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-08-04 Eunji Chong , Christian Nitschke , Atsushi Nakazawa , Agata Rozga , James M. Rehg

Webcam eye tracking for the collection of gaze data in the context of user studies is convenient - it can be used in remote tests where participants do not need special hardware. The approach has strong limitations, especially regarding the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Sezen Lim , Tina Walber , Christoph Schaefer , Lena Riehl

Accurately knowing uncertainties in appearance-based gaze tracking is critical for ensuring reliable downstream applications. Due to the lack of individual uncertainty labels, current uncertainty-aware approaches adopt probabilistic models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Qiaojie Zheng , Jiucai Zhang , Xiaoli Zhang

While being able to read with screen magnifiers, low vision people have slow and unpleasant reading experiences. Eye tracking has the potential to improve their experience by recognizing fine-grained gaze behaviors and providing more…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Ru Wang , Linxiu Zeng , Xinyong Zhang , Sanbrita Mondal , Yuhang Zhao

Wearable pupil detection systems often separate the analysis of the captured wearer's eye images for wirelessly-tethered back-end systems. We argue in this paper that investigating hardware-software co-designs would bring along…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Ankur Raj , Diwas Bhattarai , Kristof Van Laerhoven

With the development of widely available commercial eye trackers, the use of eye tracking and pupillometry have become prevalent tools in cognitive research, both in industry and academia. However, dealing with pupil recordings often proves…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-11 Helia Relaño-Iborra , Per Bækgaard

Real-time, accurate, and robust pupil detection is an essential prerequisite to enable pervasive eye-tracking and its applications -- e.g., gaze-based human computer interaction, health monitoring, foveated rendering, and advanced driver…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-30 Thiago Santini , Wolfgang Fuhl , Enkelejda Kasneci

Purpose of the research: In the biometric community, visible human characteristics are popular and viable for verification and identification on mobile devices. However, imposters are able to spoof such characteristics by creating fake and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Jalil Nourmohammadi Khiarak

3D gaze information is important for scene-centric attention analysis but accurate estimation and analysis of 3D gaze in real-world environments remains challenging. We present a novel 3D gaze estimation method for monocular head-mounted…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-02-07 Mohsen Mansouryar , Julian Steil , Yusuke Sugano , Andreas Bulling

Algorithms for the estimation of gaze direction from mobile and video-based eye trackers typically involve tracking a feature of the eye that moves through the eye camera image in a way that covaries with the shifting gaze direction, such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Kevin Barkevich , Reynold Bailey , Gabriel J. Diaz

Eye tracking has become increasingly important in virtual and augmented reality applications; however, the current gaze accuracy falls short of meeting the requirements for spatial computing. We designed a gaze collection framework and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Xiaoyin Yang

Eye tracking has been a pivotal tool in diverse fields such as vision research, language analysis, and usability assessment. The majority of prior investigations, however, have concentrated on expansive desktop displays employing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Sushmanth reddy , Jyothi Swaroop Reddy

Purpose: Metrics derived from eye-gaze-tracking and pupillometry show promise for cognitive load assessment, potentially enhancing training and patient safety through user-specific feedback in tele-robotic surgery. However, current…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Regine Büter , Roger D. Soberanis-Mukul , Paola Ruiz Puentes , Ahmed Ghazi , Jie Ying Wu , Mathias Unberath

Technical progress in hardware and software enables us to record gaze data in everyday situations and over long time spans. Among a multitude of research opportunities, this technology enables visualization researchers to catch a glimpse…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Maurice Koch , Kuno Kurzhals , Michael Burch , Daniel Weiskopf

This paper describes a feature extraction and gaze estimation software, named \textit{Pistol} that can be used with Pupil Invisible projects and other eye trackers in the future. In offline mode, our software extracts multiple features from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Wolfgang Fuhl , Daniel Weber , Shahram Eivazi
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