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Batch normalization (BN) has become a de facto standard for training deep convolutional networks. However, BN accounts for a significant fraction of training run-time and is difficult to accelerate, since it is a memory-bandwidth bounded…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Igor Gitman , Boris Ginsburg

While Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) push the state-of-the-art in many machine learning applications, they often require millions of expensive floating-point operations for each input classification. This computation overhead limits the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-05-12 Hokchhay Tann , Soheil Hashemi , Iris Bahar , Sherief Reda

In low-latency or mobile applications, lower computation complexity, lower memory footprint and better energy efficiency are desired. Many prior works address this need by removing redundant parameters. Parameter quantization replaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Cheng-Chou Lan

There is a significant performance gap between Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) and floating point Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). We propose to improve the binary training method, by introducing a new regularization function that encourages…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Sajad Darabi , Mouloud Belbahri , Matthieu Courbariaux , Vahid Partovi Nia

Quantization of neural networks has become common practice, driven by the need for efficient implementations of deep neural networks on embedded devices. In this paper, we exploit an oft-overlooked degree of freedom in most networks - for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-07 Eldad Meller , Alexander Finkelstein , Uri Almog , Mark Grobman

Fixed-point quantization and binarization are two reduction methods adopted to deploy Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) on end-nodes powered by low-power micro-controller units (MCUs). While most of the existing works use them as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Luca Mocerino , Andrea Calimera

It has been proven that, compared to using 32-bit floating-point numbers in the training phase, Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) can operate with low precision during inference, thereby saving memory space and power consumption.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Binyi Wu , Bernd Waschneck , Christian Georg Mayr

Memory-augmented neural networks (MANNs) refer to a class of neural network models equipped with external memory (such as neural Turing machines and memory networks). These neural networks outperform conventional recurrent neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-13 Seongsik Park , Seijoon Kim , Seil Lee , Ho Bae , Sungroh Yoon

Based on the assumption that there exists a neural network that efficiently represents a set of Boolean functions between all binary inputs and outputs, we propose a process for developing and deploying neural networks whose weight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Minje Kim , Paris Smaragdis

We present QNNRepair, the first method in the literature for repairing quantized neural networks (QNNs). QNNRepair aims to improve the accuracy of a neural network model after quantization. It accepts the full-precision and weight-quantized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Xidan Song , Youcheng Sun , Mustafa A. Mustafa , Lucas C. Cordeiro

Batch normalization (BN) is a popular and ubiquitous method in deep learning that has been shown to decrease training time and improve generalization performance of neural networks. Despite its success, BN is not theoretically well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Susanna Lange , Kyle Helfrich , Qiang Ye

The role of quantization within implicit/coordinate neural networks is still not fully understood. We note that using a canonical fixed quantization scheme during training produces poor performance at low-rates due to the network weight…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Cameron Gordon , Shin-Fang Chng , Lachlan MacDonald , Simon Lucey

We present LBW-Net, an efficient optimization based method for quantization and training of the low bit-width convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Specifically, we quantize the weights to zero or powers of two by minimizing the Euclidean…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-18 Penghang Yin , Shuai Zhang , Yingyong Qi , Jack Xin

Neural network quantization is frequently used to optimize model size, latency and power consumption for on-device deployment of neural networks. In many cases, a target bit-width is set for an entire network, meaning every layer get…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Nilesh Prasad Pandey , Markus Nagel , Mart van Baalen , Yin Huang , Chirag Patel , Tijmen Blankevoort

Quantizing deep networks with adaptive bit-widths is a promising technique for efficient inference across many devices and resource constraints. In contrast to static methods that repeat the quantization process and train different models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Ximeng Sun , Rameswar Panda , Chun-Fu Chen , Naigang Wang , Bowen Pan , Kailash Gopalakrishnan , Aude Oliva , Rogerio Feris , Kate Saenko

Quantized neural network (NN) with a reduced bit precision is an effective solution to reduces the computational and memory resource requirements and plays a vital role in machine learning. However, it is still challenging to avoid the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Xiaobin Li , Hongxu Jiang , Shuangxi Huang , Fangzheng Tian

Appropriate weight initialization has been of key importance to successfully train neural networks. Recently, batch normalization has diminished the role of weight initialization by simply normalizing each layer based on batch statistics.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Pedro Hermosilla , Michael Schelling , Tobias Ritschel , Timo Ropinski

Batch Normalisation (BN) is widely used in conventional deep neural network training to harmonise the input-output distributions for each batch of data. However, federated learning, a distributed learning paradigm, faces the challenge of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Hongyao Chen , Tianyang Xu , Xiaojun Wu , Josef Kittler

While neural networks have advanced the frontiers in many applications, they often come at a high computational cost. Reducing the power and latency of neural network inference is key if we want to integrate modern networks into edge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Markus Nagel , Marios Fournarakis , Rana Ali Amjad , Yelysei Bondarenko , Mart van Baalen , Tijmen Blankevoort

Efficient deep neural network (DNN) inference on mobile or embedded devices typically involves quantization of the network parameters and activations. In particular, mixed precision networks achieve better performance than networks with…