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We introduce a notion of finite sampling consistency for phylogenetic trees and show that the set of finitely sampling consistent and exchangeable distributions on n leaf phylogenetic trees is a polytope. We use this polytope to show that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-06 Ben Hollering , Seth Sullivant

We consider a random tree and introduce a metric in the space of trees to define the ``mean tree'' as the tree minimizing the average distance to the random tree. When the resulting metric space is compact we have laws of large numbers and…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David Balding , Pablo A. Ferrari , Ricardo Fraiman , Mariela Sued

We introduce a model for a growing random graph based on simultaneous reproduction of the vertices. The model can be thought of as a generalisation of the reproducing graphs of Southwell and Cannings and Bonato et al to allow for a random…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-04-20 Jonathan Jordan

Investigation of divisibility properties of natural numbers is one of the most important themes in the theory of numbers. Various tools have been developed over the centuries to discover and study the various patterns in the sequence of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-12-03 Snehal M. Shekatkar , Chandrasheel Bhagwat , G. Ambika

For each $n \ge 1$, let $\mathrm{d}^n=(d^{n}(i),1 \le i \le n)$ be a sequence of positive integers with even sum $\sum_{i=1}^n d^n(i) \ge 2n$. Let $(G_n,T_n,\Gamma_n)$ be uniformly distributed over the set of simple graphs $G_n$ with degree…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-01-25 Louigi Addario-Berry , Jordan Barrett

Limits of graphs were initiated recently in the two extreme contexts of dense and bounded degree graphs. This led to elegant limiting structures called graphons and graphings. These approach have been unified and generalized by authors in a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-03 Jaroslav Nesetril , Patrice Ossona De Mendez

We study spanning trees on Sierpinski graphs (i.e., finite approximations to the Sierpinski gasket) that are chosen uniformly at random. We construct a joint probability space for uniform spanning trees on every finite Sierpinski graph and…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-01-14 Masato Shinoda , Elmar Teufl , Stephan Wagner

A general formulation is presented for continuum scaling limits of stochastic spanning trees. A spanning tree is expressed in this limit through a consistent collection of subtrees, which includes a tree for every finite set of endpoints in…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-06-19 Michael Aizenman , Almut Burchard , Charles M. Newman , David B. Wilson

A consensus tree is a phylogenetic tree that synthesizes a given collection of phylogenetic trees, all of which share the same leaf labels but may have different topologies, typically obtained through bootstrapping. Our research focuses on…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-13 Elio Torquet , Jesper Jansson , Nadia Tahiri

We give a short and direct proof of a remarkable identity that arises in the enumeration of labeled trees with respect to their indegree sequence, where all edges are oriented from the vertex with lower label towards the vertex with higher…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-20 Stephan Wagner

In 1986, Janson showed that the number of edges in the union of $k$ random spanning trees in the complete graph $K_n$ is a shifted Poisson distribution. Using results from the theory of electrical networks, we provide a new proof of this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-17 Austen James , Matthew Larson , Daniel Montealegre , Andrew Salmon

We solve a problem of Krivelevich, Kwan and Sudakov [SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics 31 (2017), 155-171] concerning the threshold for the containment of all bounded degree spanning trees in the model of randomly perturbed dense graphs.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-19 Julia Böttcher , Jie Han , Yoshiharu Kohayakawa , Richard Montgomery , Olaf Parczyk , Yury Person

Random forests, introduced by Leo Breiman in 2001, are a very effective statistical method. The complex mechanism of the method makes theoretical analysis difficult. Therefore, a simplified version of random forests, called purely random…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-07-28 Robin Genuer

Given i.i.d. data from an unknown distribution, we consider the problem of predicting future items. An adaptive way to estimate the probability density is to recursively subdivide the domain to an appropriate data-dependent granularity. A…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-12-30 Marcus Hutter

We study the degree distribution of a randomly chosen vertex in a duplication--divergence graph, under a variety of different generalizations of the basic model of Bhan, Galas and Dewey (2002) and V\'azquez, Flammini, Maritan and Vespignani…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-06-01 A. D. Barbour , Tiffany Y. Y. Lo

We study random unrooted plane trees with $n$ vertices sampled according to the weights corresponding to the vertex-degrees. Our main result shows that if the generating series of the weights has positive radius of convergence, then this…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-09-17 Leon Ramzews , Benedikt Stufler

We consider a regular $n$-ary tree of height $h$, for which every vertex except the root is labelled with an independent and identically distributed continuous random variable. Taking motivation from a question in evolutionary biology, we…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-11-14 Matthew I. Roberts , Lee Zhuo Zhao

A symbolic-computational algorithm, fully implemented in Maple, is described, that computes explicit expressions for generating functions that enable the efficient computations of the expectation, variance, and higher moments, of the random…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-22 Andrew Lohr , Doron Zeilberger

We consider the preferential attachment model. This is a growing random graph such that at each step a new vertex is added and forms $m$ connections. The neighbors of the new vertex are chosen at random with probability proportional to…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-11 Simone Baldassarri , Gianmarco Bet

Stanley introduced the concept of chromatic symmetric functions of graphs which extends and refines the notion of chromatic polynomials of graphs, and asked whether trees are determined up to isomorphism by their chromatic symmetric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-21 Yuzhenni Wang , Xingxing Yu , Xiao-Dong Zhang