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Process tensor matrix product operators (PT-MPOs) enable numerically exact simulations for an unprecedentedly broad range of open quantum systems. By representing environment influences in MPO form, they can be efficiently compressed using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-22 Moritz Cygorek , Erik M. Gauger

We investigate the tensor network representations of fermionic crystalline symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases on two-dimensional lattices. As a mapping from virtual indices to physical indices, projected entangled-pair state (PEPS)…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-09-14 Jian-Hao Zhang , Shuo Yang

Tensor network methods have proved to be highly effective in addressing a wide variety of physical scenarios, including those lacking an intrinsic one-dimensional geometry. In such contexts, it is possible for the problem to exhibit a weak…

Tensor network operators, such as the matrix product operator (MPO) and the projected entangled-pair operator (PEPO), can provide efficient representation of certain linear operators in high dimensional spaces. This paper focuses on the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-09-06 Lin Lin , Yu Tong

The theory of entanglement provides a fundamentally new language for describing interactions and correlations in many body systems. Its vocabulary consists of qubits and entangled pairs, and the syntax is provided by tensor networks. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-20 Ignacio Cirac , David Perez-Garcia , Norbert Schuch , Frank Verstraete

We propose an index of non-invertible symmetry operators in 1+1 dimensions and discuss its relation to the realizability of non-invertible symmetries on the tensor product of finite dimensional on-site Hilbert spaces on the lattice. Our…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-02-17 Kansei Inamura

Projected Entangled Pair States (PEPS) are a class of quantum many-body states that generalize Matrix Product States for one-dimensional systems to higher dimensions. In recent years, PEPS have advanced understanding of strongly correlated…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-01-13 Siddhartha Patra , Sukhbinder Singh , Román Orús

Tensor network states are used to approximate ground states of local Hamiltonians on a lattice in D spatial dimensions. Different types of tensor network states can be seen to generate different geometries. Matrix product states (MPS) in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-02 G. Evenbly , G. Vidal

We report on a class of gapped projected entangled pair states (PEPS) with non-trivial Euler topology motivated by recent progress in band geometry. In the non-interacting limit, these systems have optimal conditions relating to saturation…

The 1-form symmetry, manifesting as loop-like symmetries, has gained prominence in the study of quantum phases, deepening our understanding of symmetry. However, the role of 1-form symmetries in Projected Entangled-Pair States (PEPS),…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-08-02 Yi Tan , Ji-Yao Chen , Didier Poilblanc , Fei Ye , Jia-Wei Mei

Tensor networks such as matrix product states (MPS) and projected entangled pair states (PEPS) are commonly used to approximate quantum systems. These networks are optimized in methods such as DMRG or evolved by local operators. We provide…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-07 Yifan Zhang , Edgar Solomonik

Projected entangled pair states (PEPS) are very useful in the description of strongly correlated systems, partly because they allow encoding symmetries, either global or local (gauge), naturally. In recent years, PEPS with local symmetries…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2025-08-25 David Blanik , José Garre-Rubio , András Molnár , Erez Zohar

Tensor networks are generated by a set of small rank tensors and define many-body quantum states in a succinct form. The corresponding map is not one-to-one: different sets of tensors may generate the very same state. A fundamental question…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-11-27 Andras Molnar , José Garre-Rubio , David Pérez-García , Norbert Schuch , J. Ignacio Cirac

This research introduces an improved framework for constructing matrix product operators (MPOs) and tree tensor network operators (TTNOs), crucial tools in quantum simulations. A given (Hamiltonian) operator typically has a known symbolic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-04 Hazar Çakır , Richard M. Milbradt , Christian B. Mendl

Topological phases exhibit unconventional order that cannot be detected by any local order parameter. In the framework of Projected Entangled Pair States(PEPS), topological order is characterized by an entanglement symmetry of the local…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-10-13 Wen-Tao Xu , Norbert Schuch

In this study, we introduce a novel family of tensor networks, termed constrained matrix product states (MPS), designed to incorporate exactly arbitrary discrete linear constraints, including inequalities, into sparse block structures.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Javier Lopez-Piqueres , Jing Chen

We describe a practical and efficient approach to represent physically realistic long-range interactions in two-dimensional tensor network algorithms via projected entangled-pair operators (PEPOs). We express the long-range interaction as a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-11-20 Matthew J. O'Rourke , Zhendong Li , Garnet Kin-Lic Chan

We define and classify symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases in mixed states based on the tensor network formulation of the density matrix. In one dimension, we introduce strong injective matrix product density operators (MPDO), which…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-05-17 Hanyu Xue , Jong Yeon Lee , Yimu Bao

We introduce a framework for characterizing Matrix Product States (MPS) and Projected Entangled Pair States (PEPS) in terms of symmetries. This allows us to understand how PEPS appear as ground states of local Hamiltonians with finitely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-09-16 Norbert Schuch , Ignacio Cirac , David Perez-Garcia

Projected entangled pair states (PEPS) offer memory-efficient representations of some quantum many-body states that obey an entanglement area law, and are the basis for classical simulations of ground states in two-dimensional (2d)…