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We derive the Hydrodynamics for a system of N active, spherical, underdamped particles, interacting through conservative forces. At the microscopic level, we represent the evolution of the particles in terms of the Kramers equation for the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-03-15 Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi , Andrea Puglisi , Lorenzo Caprini

We investigate the behavior of a treadmilling microswimmer in a two-dimensional unbounded domain with a semi-infinite no-slip wall. The wall can also be regarded as a probe or pipette inserted into the flow. We solve the governing evolution…

Biological Physics · Physics 2014-08-21 Kiori Obuse , Jean-Luc Thiffeault

Micro-robots for, e.g., biomedical applications, need to be equipped with motility strategies that enable them to navigate through complex environments. Inspired by biological microorganisms we recreate motility patterns such as…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-11-13 Christoph Lohrmann , Christian Holm

We investigate the hydrodynamic interactions between microorganisms swimming at low Reynolds number. By considering simple model swimmers, and combining analytic and numerical approaches, we investigate the time-averaged flow field around a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-25 C. M. Pooley , G. P. Alexander , J. M. Yeomans

Many microorganisms swim in a highly heterogeneous environment with obstacles such as fibers or polymers. To better understand how this environment affects microorganism swimming, we study propulsion of a cylinder or filament in a fluid…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-04-13 Nguyenho Ho , Karin Leiderman , Sarah D. Olson

We investigate the self-locomotion of an elongated microswimmer by virtue of the unidirectional tangential surface treadmilling. We show that the propulsion could be almost frictionless, as the microswimmer is propelled forward with the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-13 Alexander M. Leshansky , Oded Kenneth , Omri Gat , Joseph E. Avron

Coordinated movement and self-organisation of active self-driven agents is common in nature and is seen across different scales, from herds of animals to collective motion in bacteria. Often, these systems are heterogeneous in composition,…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2026-04-28 Balagopal Nair , Arshed Nabeel , Danny Raj M

Efficient point-to-point navigation in the presence of a background flow field is important for robotic applications such as ocean surveying. In such applications, robots may only have knowledge of their immediate surroundings or be faced…

Microswimmers typically move near walls, which can strongly influence their motion. However, direct experimental measurements of swimmer-wall separation remain elusive to date. Here, we determine this separation for model catalytic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-12-30 Stefania Ketzetzi , Joost de Graaf , Daniela J. Kraft

Many eukaryotic microorganisms propelled by multiple flagella can swim very rapidly with distinct gaits. Here, we model a three-dimensional mutiflagellate swimming strategy, resembling the microalgae, and investigate the effects of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-10-17 Shiyuan Hu , Fanlong Meng

Self-propelled particles with hydrodynamic interactions (microswimmers) have previously been shown to produce long-range ordering phenomena. Many theoretical explanations for these collective phenomena are connected to instabilities in the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-05-03 Yuzhou Qian , Peter R. Kramer , Patrick T. Underhill

Invasive species have been recognized as a leading threat to biodiversity. In particular, lakes are especially affected by species invasions because they are closed systems sensitive to disruption. Accurately controlling the spread of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-09-18 Katherine Y. Zipp , Yangqingxiang Wu , Kaiyi Wu , Ludmil T. Zikatanov

The hydrodynamic interactions between a sedimenting microswimmer and a solid wall have ubiquitous biological and technological applications. A plethora of gravity-induced swimming dynamics near a planar no-slip wall provides a platform for…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-05-14 Henry Shum , Devenayagam Palaniappan , Yuan-Nan Young

This article presents a computational framework for determining the optimal slip velocity of a microswimmer with arbitrary three-dimensional geometry suspended in a viscous fluid. The objective is to minimize the hydrodynamic power…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-09 Marc Bonnet , Kausik Das , Shravan Veerapaneni , Hai Zhu

Suspensions of unicellular microswimmers such as flagellated bacteria or motile algae exhibit spontaneous density heterogeneities at large enough concentrations. Based on the relative location of the biological actuation appendages i.e.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-11-27 Fabian Jan Schwarzendahl , Marco G. Mazza

Microswimmers are microscopic active agents capable of harvesting energy from the surrounding environment and converting it into self-propulsion and directed motion. This peculiar feature characterizes them as out-of-equilibrium systems…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-04-14 Luigi Zanovello

Controlling the swimming behavior of bacteria is crucial, for example, to prevent contamination of ducts and catheters. We show the bacteria modeled by deformable microswimmers can accumulate in flows through straight microchannels either…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-03-03 Winfried Schmidt , Igor S. Aranson , Walter Zimmermann

In this paper we focus on a two-link swimmer called scallop which moves changing dynamics between two fluids regimes. We address and solve explicitly two optimal control problems, the minimum time one and the minimum quadratic cost needed…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-05 Rosario Maggistro , Marta Zoppello

Efficient search acts as a strong selective force in biological systems ranging from cellular populations to predator-prey systems. The search processes commonly involve finding a stationary or mobile target within a heterogeneously…

Biological Physics · Physics 2018-01-03 Youness Azimzade , Alireza Mashaghi

Fish migration is a dynamic phenomenon observed in many surface water bodies on the earth, while its understanding is still insufficient. Particularly, the biological mechanism behind fish migration is not fully understood. Moreover, its…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-24 Hidekazu Yoshioka