Related papers: Universal integral quadratic forms over dyadic loc…

We present a universal construction of Diophantine equations with bounded complexity in Isabelle/HOL. This is a formalization of our own work in number theory. Hilbert's Tenth Problem was answered negatively by Yuri Matiyasevich, who showed…

Nondegenerate forms N of degree d on a unital nonassociative algebra A over a ring R which permit composition, i.e., satisfy N(1)=1 and N(xy)=N(x)N(y) for all x,y in A, are studied. These forms were first classified by Schafer over fields…

We give several criteria for a ring to be a UFD including generalizations of some criteria due to P. Samuel. These criteria are applied to construct, for any field k, (1) a Z-graded non-noetherian rational UFD of dimension three over k, and…

The four-loop Sudakov form factor in maximal super Yang-Mills theory is analysed in detail. It is shown explicitly how to construct a basis of integrals that have a uniformly transcendental expansion in the dimensional regularisation…

The framework of universal geometry allows us to consider metrical properties of affine views of elliptic curves, even over finite fields. We show how the Neuberg cubic of triangle geometry extends to the finite field situation and provides…

This paper explores quadratic forms over finite fields with associated Artin-Schreier curves. Specifically, we investigate quadratic forms of $\mathbb F_{q^n}/\mathbb F_q$ represented by polynomials over $\mathbb F_{q^n}$ with $q$ odd,…

It is proved that if $D$ is a $UFD$ and $R$ is a $D$-algebra, such that $U(R)\cap D\neq U(D)$, then $R$ has a maximal subring. In particular, if $R$ is a ring which either contains a unit $x$ which is not algebraic over the prime subring of…

Let $X_4\subset\mathbb{P}^{n+1}$ be a quartic hypersurface of dimension $n\geq 4$ over an infinite field $k$. We show that if either $X_4$ contains a linear subspace $\Lambda$ of dimension $h\geq \max\{2,\dim(\Lambda\cap…

We prove that a general $n$-fold quadric bundle $\mathcal{Q}^{n-1}\rightarrow\mathbb{P}^{1}$, over a number field, with $(-K_{\mathcal{Q}^{n-1}})^n > 0$ and discriminant of odd degree $\delta_{\mathcal{Q}^{n-1}}$ is unirational, and that…

For an integer $x$, an integer of the form $P_5(x)=\frac{3x^2-x}2$ is called a generalized pentagonal number. For positive integers $\alpha_1,\dots,\alpha_k$, a sum…

We propose a geometric explanation for the observation that generic quadratic polynomials over split quaternions may have up to six different factorizations while generic polynomials over Hamiltonian quaternions only have two. Split…

In this paper, we consider representations of integers as sums of generalized heptagonal numbers with a prescribed number of repeats of each heptagonal number appearing in the sum. In particular, we investigate the classification of such…

We show that every complete noetherian local commutative ring R with residue field k can be realized as a universal deformation ring of a continuous linear representation of a profinite group. More specifically, R is the universal…

A pair of symmetric bilinear forms A and B determine a binary form $f(x,y) = disc(Ax-By)$. We prove that the question of whether a given binary form can be written in this way as a discriminant form generically satisfies a local-global…

An integer of the form $P_m(x)= \frac{(m-2)x^2-(m-4)x}{2}$ for an integer $x$, is called a generalized $m$-gonal number. For positive integers $\alpha_1,\dots,\alpha_u$ and $\beta_1,\dots,\beta_v$, a mixed sum…

We prove the generalized Obata theorem on foliations. Let M be a complete Riemannian manifold with a foliation F of codimension $q>1$ and a bundle-like metric. Then $(M, F)$ is transversally isometric to the q-sphere of radius 1/c in…

The decomposition of arbitrary unitary transformations into sequences of simpler, physically realizable operations is a foundational problem in quantum information science, quantum control, and linear optics. We establish a 1D Quantum Field…

Let R be a regular semi-local domain containing a field such that all the residue fields are infinite. Let K be the fraction field of R. Let q be a quadratic space over R on a free rank n R-module P such that the projective quadric q=0 is…

A quadratic semigroup algebra is an algebra over a field given by the generators $x_1,...,x_n$ and a finite set of quadratic relations each of which either has the shape $x_jx_k=0$ or the shape $x_jx_k=x_lx_m$. We prove that a quadratic…

For every positive integer k, it is shown that there exists a positive definite diagonal quaternary integral quadratic form that represents all positive integers except for precisely those which lie in k arithmetic progressions. For k=1,…