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A {\em $(d,h)$-decomposition} of a graph $G$ is an order pair $(D,H)$ such that $H$ is a subgraph of $G$ where $H$ has the maximum degree at most $h$ and $D$ is an acyclic orientation of $G-E(H)$ of maximum out-degree at most $d$. A graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-19 Lin Niu , Xiangwen Li

A graph $G$ is said to be perfectly divisible if for every induced subgraph $H$ of $G$ with at least one edge, the vertex set $V(H)$ can be partitioned into two sets $A, B$ such that $H[A]$ is perfect and $\omega(B) < \omega(H)$. It is easy…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Hongzhang Chen , Kaiyang Lan , Wenlong Zhong

A bond in a graph is a minimal nonempty edge-cut. A connected graph $G$ is dual Hamiltonian if the vertex set can be partitioned into two subsets $X$ and $Y$ such that the subgraphs induced by $X$ and $Y$ are both trees. There is much…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-25 Emily Ren

A detachment of a hypergraph $\scr F$ is a hypergraph obtained from $\scr F$ by splitting some or all of its vertices into more than one vertex. Amalgamating a hypergraph $\scr G$ can be thought of as taking $\scr G$, partitioning its…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-12 Amin Bahmanian

A typical theme for many well-known decomposition problems is to show that some obvious necessary conditions for decomposing a graph $G$ into copies $H_1, \ldots, H_m$ are also sufficient. One such problem was posed in 1987, by Alavi,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-06 Kyriakos Katsamaktsis , Shoham Letzter , Alexey Pokrovskiy , Benny Sudakov

A graph $G$ is $\{F_{1}, F_{2},\dots,F_{k}\}$-free if $G$ contains no induced subgraph isomorphic to any $F_{i}$ $(1\leq i \leq k)$. A connected graph $G$ is a split graph if its vertex set can be partitioned into a clique and an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-16 Tao Tian , Fengming Dong

Refining a classical proof of Whitney, we show that any $4$-connected planar triangulation can be decomposed into a Hamiltonian path and two trees. Therefore, every $4$-connected planar graph decomposes into three forests, one having…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-23 Kolja Knauer , Torsten Ueckerdt

The natural infinite analogue of a (finite) Hamilton cycle is a two-way-infinite Hamilton path (connected spanning 2-valent subgraph). Although it is known that every connected $2k$-valent infinite circulant graph has a two-way-infinite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-01-31 Darryn Bryant , Sarada Herke , Barbara Maenhaut , Bridget Webb

An arc of a graph is an oriented edge and a 3-arc is a 4-tuple $(v,u,x,y)$ of vertices such that both $(v,u,x)$ and $(u,x,y)$ are paths of length two. The 3-arc graph of a graph $G$ is defined to have vertices the arcs of $G$ such that two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-14 Guangjun Xu , Sanming Zhou

Lov{\'a}sz showed that a matching covered graph $G$ has an ear decomposition starting with an arbitrary edge of $G$. Let $G$ be a graph which has a perfect matching. We call $G$ cycle-nice if for each even cycle $C$ of $G$, $G-V(C)$ has a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Shanshan Zhang , Xiumei Wang , Jinjiang Yuan

Let $\mathcal{H}=\{H_i: i<\alpha \}$ be an indexed family of graphs for some ordinal number $\alpha$. $\mathcal{H}$-decomposition of a graph $G$ is a family $\mathcal{G}=\{G_i: i<\alpha \}$ of edge-disjoint subgraphs of $G$ such that $G_i$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Marcin Stawiski

A Hamiltonian decomposition of a regular graph is a partition of its edge set into Hamiltonian cycles. The problem of finding edge-disjoint Hamiltonian cycles in a given regular graph has many applications in combinatorial optimization and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-12 Andrey Kostenko , Andrei Nikolaev

We adapt the classical 3-decomposition of any 2-connected graph to the case of simple graphs (no loops or multiple edges). By analogy with the block-cutpoint tree of a connected graph, we deduce from this decomposition a bicolored tree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-12-24 Andrei Gagarin , Gilbert Labelle , Pierre Leroux , Timothy Walsh

A path decomposition of a graph G is a collection of edge-disjoint paths of G that covers the edge set of G. Gallai (1968) conjectured that every connected graph on n vertices admits a path decomposition of cardinality at most (n+1)/2.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-13 Fabio Botler , Maycon Sambinelli

Let $S=\{K_{1,3},K_3,P_4\}$ be the set of connected graphs of size 3. We study the problem of partitioning the edge set of a graph $G$ into graphs taken from any non-empty $S'\subseteq S$. The problem is known to be NP-complete for any…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Laurent Bulteau , Guillaume Fertin , Anthony Labarre , Romeo Rizzi , Irena Rusu

Deciding whether a graph can be edge-decomposed into a matching and a $k$-bounded linear forest was recently shown by Campbell, H{\"o}rsch and Moore to be NP-complete for every $k \ge 9$, and solvable in polynomial time for $k=1,2$. In the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Agnijo Banerjee , João Pedro Marciano , Adva Mond , Jan Petr , Julien Portier

The (Perfect) Matching Cut problem is to decide if a connected graph has a (perfect) matching that is also an edge cut. The Disconnected Perfect Matching problem is to decide if a connected graph has a perfect matching that contains a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-08 Carl Feghali , Felicia Lucke , Daniel Paulusma , Bernard Ries

In 2006, Barat and Thomassen conjectured in 2006 that the edges of every planar 4-regular 4-edge-connected graph can be decomposed into copies of the star with 3 leaves. Shortly afterward, Lai constructed a counterexample to this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-02 Michelle Delcourt , Luke Postle

The Ascending Subgraph Decomposition (ASD) Conjecture asserts that every graph $G$ with ${n+1\choose 2}$ edges admits an edge decomposition $G=H_1\oplus\cdots \oplus H_n$ such that $H_i$ has $i$ edges and it is isomorphic to a subgraph of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-08 Anna Lladó , Josep Maria Aroca

A subgraph of an edge-coloured graph is called rainbow if all its edges have distinct colours. The study of rainbow subgraphs goes back more than two hundred years to the work of Euler on Latin squares and has been the focus of extensive…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-24 Richard Montgomery , Alexey Pokrovskiy , Benny Sudakov