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The execution of quantum circuits on real systems has largely been limited to those which are simply time-ordered sequences of unitary operations followed by a projective measurement. As hardware platforms for quantum computing continue to…

Can near-term gate model based quantum processors offer quantum advantage for practical applications in the pre-fault tolerance noise regime? A class of algorithms which have shown some promise in this regard are the so-called…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-13 Guillaume Verdon , Michael Broughton , Jacob Biamonte

Variational quantum algorithms and, in particular, variants of the varational quantum eigensolver have been proposed to address combinatorial optimization (CO) problems. Using only shallow ansatz circuits, these approaches are deemed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Tim Schwägerl , Yahui Chai , Tobias Hartung , Karl Jansen , Stefan Kühn

Variational quantum circuits have arisen as an important method in quantum computing. A crucial step of it is parameter optimization, which is typically tackled through gradient-descent techniques. We advantageously explore instead the use…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-24 Vignesh Anantharamakrishnan , Márcio M. Taddei

State-of-the-art noisy digital quantum computers can only execute short-depth quantum circuits. Variational algorithms are a promising route to unlock the potential of noisy quantum computers since the depth of the corresponding circuits…

The discovery of derivatives and integrals was a tremendous leap in scientific knowledge and completely revolutionized many fields, including mathematics, physics, and engineering. The existence of higher-order derivatives means better…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-16 Basanta R. Pahari , Sagar Bhat , Siri Davidi , William Oates

Structured variational quantum algorithms such as the Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) have emerged as leading candidates for exploiting advantages of near-term quantum hardware. They interlace classical computation, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Vincent Eichenseher , Maja Franz , Christian Wolff , Wolfgang Mauerer

Quantum metrology enhances the sensitivity of parameter estimation using the distinctive resources of quantum mechanics such as entanglement. It has been shown that the precision of estimating an overall multiplicative factor of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-31 Shengshi Pang , Todd A. Brun

We explore the utilization of higher-order discretization techniques in optimizing the gate count needed for quantum computer based solutions of partial differential equations. To accomplish this, we present an efficient approach for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-30 Boris Arseniev , Dmitry Guskov , Richik Sengupta , Igor Zacharov

We present a systematic derivation of the algorithms required for computing the gradient and the action of the Hessian of an arbitrary misfit function for large-scale parameter estimation problems involving linear time-dependent PDEs with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-08-09 Kai Rothauge , Eldad Haber , Uri Ascher

Variational quantum algorithms are expected to demonstrate the advantage of quantum computing on near-term noisy quantum computers. However, training such variational quantum algorithms suffers from gradient vanishing as the size of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-30 Anbang Wu , Gushu Li , Yuke Wang , Boyuan Feng , Yufei Ding , Yuan Xie

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are expected to become a practical application of near-term noisy quantum computers. Although the effect of the noise crucially determines whether a VQA works or not, the heuristic nature of VQAs makes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-02 Kosuke Ito , Wataru Mizukami , Keisuke Fujii

The execution of quantum algorithms on modern hardware is often constrained by noise and qubit decoherence, limiting the circuit depth and the number of gates that can be executed. Circuit optimization techniques help mitigate these…

Implementing variational quantum algorithms with noisy intermediate-scale quantum machines of up to a hundred qubits is nowadays considered as one of the most promising routes towards achieving a quantum practical advantage. In multiqubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-18 Andrey Kardashin , Anastasiia Pervishko , Jacob Biamonte , Dmitry Yudin

The financial sector is anticipated to be one of the first industries to benefit from the increased computational power of quantum computers, in areas such as portfolio optimisation and risk management to financial derivative pricing.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-10 Nicholas Bornman

A broad class of hybrid quantum-classical algorithms known as "variational algorithms" have been proposed in the context of quantum simulation, machine learning, and combinatorial optimization as a means of potentially achieving a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-09 Aram Harrow , John Napp

The simulation of quantum dynamics on a digital quantum computer with parameterized circuits has widespread applications in fundamental and applied physics and chemistry. In this context, using the hybrid quantum-classical algorithm,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Tangyou Huang , Yongcheng Ding , Léonce Dupays , Yue Ban , Man-Hong Yung , Adolfo del Campo , Xi Chen

The prevalence of variational methods in near-term quantum computing makes optimizer choice critical, yet selection is frequently intuition-based. We therefore present a systematic benchmark of eight classical optimization algorithms for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-23 S. Illésová , V. Novák , T. Bezděk , C. Possel , M. Beseda

Using the convex structure of positive operator value measurements and of several quantities used in quantum metrology, such as quantum Fisher information or the quantum Van Trees information, we present an efficient numerical method to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-11 Esteban Martínez-Vargas , Carlos Pineda , Pablo Barberis-Blostein

Quantum neural networks (QNNs) offer a powerful paradigm for programming near-term quantum computers and have the potential to speedup applications ranging from data science to chemistry to materials science. However, a possible obstacle to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-08 M. Cerezo , Patrick J. Coles
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