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We study the color patterns that, for $n$ sufficiently large, are unavoidable in $2$-colorings of the edges of a complete graph $K_n$ with respect to $\min \{e(R), e(B)\}$, where $e(R)$ and $e(B)$ are the numbers of red and, respectively,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-08 Yair Caro , Adriana Hansberg , Amanda Montejano

We consider the problem of determining the maximal $\alpha \in (0,1]$ such that every matching $M$ of size $k$ (or at most $k$) in a bipartite graph $G$ contains an induced matching of size at least $\alpha |M|$. This measure was recently…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Noga Alon , Jonathan D. Cohen , Thomas L. Griffiths , Pasin Manurangsi , Daniel Reichman , Igor Shinkar , Tal Wagner , Alexander Yu

We consider a complete bipartite graph of size $n$ endowed with i.i.d. uniform edge weights and run Prim's Algorithm to obtain a ranking of its vertices. Let $\rho^{(n)}_k$ be the proportion of black vertices among the first $k$ vertices in…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-23 Félix Kahane , Minmin Wang

Let $\partial_H(u)$ be the set of edges incident with a vertex $u$ in the graph $H$. We say that a graph $G$ is $H$-colorable if there exist total functions $f : E(G) \rightarrow E(H)$ and $g : V(G) \rightarrow V(H)$ such that $f$ is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-12 Jorik Jooken

In the first part of this paper we determine the maximum size of a (finite, simple, connected) bipartite graph of given order, diameter $d$, and connectivity $\kappa$. It was shown by Ali, Mazorodze, Mukwembi and Vetr\'ik [On size, order,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Sonwabile Mafunda

A partition $(V_1,\ldots,V_k)$ of the vertex set of a graph $G$ with a (not necessarily proper) colouring $c$ is colourful if no two vertices in any $V_i$ have the same colour and every set $V_i$ induces a connected graph. The COLOURFUL…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-08-13 Laurent Bulteau , Konrad K. Dabrowski , Guillaume Fertin , Matthew Johnson , Daniel Paulusma , Stephane Vialette

In 1995, Galvin proved that a bipartite graph $G$ admits a list edge coloring if every edge is assigned a color list of length $\Delta(G)$, the maximum degree of the graph. This result was improved by Borodin, Kostochka and Woodall, who…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-07-19 Yu Yokoi

Let $f(n,p,q)$ be the minimum number of colors necessary to color the edges of $K_n$ so that every $K_p$ is at least $q$-colored. We improve current bounds on the {7/4}n-3$, slightly improving the bound of Axenovich. We make small…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-04 Elliot Krop , Irina Krop

In this paper we study Ramsey numbers for trees of diameter 3 (bistars) vs., respectively, trees of diameter 2 (stars), complete graphs, and many complete graphs. In the case of bistars vs. many complete graphs, we determine this number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-08 Jeremy F. Alm , Nicholas Hommowun , Aaron Schneider

For a graph $G=(V,E)$, let $bc(G)$ denote the minimum number of pairwise edge disjoint complete bipartite subgraphs of $G$ so that each edge of $G$ belongs to exactly one of them. It is easy to see that for every graph $G$, $bc(G) \leq n…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-23 Noga Alon , Tom Bohman , Hao Huang

Woodall (and Seymour independently) in 2001 proposed a conjecture that every graph $G$ contains every complete bipartite graph on $\chi(G)$ vertices as a minor, where $\chi(G)$ is the chromatic number of $G$. In this paper, we prove that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-20 Rong Chen , Zijian Deng

We prove a general large sieve statement in the context of random walks on subgraphs of a given graph. This can be seen as a generalization of previously known results where one performs a random walk on a group enjoying a strong spectral…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-09 Florent Jouve , Jean-Sébastien Sereni

A proper vertex coloring of a graph is equitable if the sizes of color classes differ by at most one. The equitable chromatic number of a graph $G$, denoted by $\chi_=(G)$, is the minimum $k$ such that $G$ is equitably $k$-colorable. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-07-17 Zhidan Yan , Wei Wang

A graph $G$ is called $3$-choice critical if $G$ is not $2$-choosable but any proper subgraph is $2$-choosable. A characterization of $3$-choice critical graphs was given by Voigt in [On list Colourings and Choosability of Graphs,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-30 Rongxing Xu , Xuding Zhu

We provide a combinatorial characterization of all testable properties of $k$-uniform hypergraphs ($k$-graphs for short). Here, a $k$-graph property $P$ is testable if there is a randomized algorithm which makes a bounded number of edge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-08 Felix Joos , Jaehoon Kim , Daniela Kühn , Deryk Osthus

K\H onig's theorem says that the vertex cover number of every bipartite graph is at most its matching number (in fact they are equal since, trivially, the matching number is at most the vertex cover number). An equivalent formulation of K\H…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-03 Louis DeBiasio , António Girão , Penny Haxell , Maya Stein

We study the problem of determining whether a given graph~$G=(V,E)$ admits a matching~$M$ whose removal destroys all odd cycles of~$G$ (or equivalently whether~$G-M$ is bipartite). This problem is equivalent to determine whether~$G$ admits…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Carlos V. G. C. Lima , Dieter Rautenbach , Uéverton S. Souza , Jayme L. Szwarcfiter

We provide multicolored and infinite generalizations for a Ramsey-type problem raised by Bollob\'as, concerning colorings of $K_n$ where each color is well-represented. Let $\chi$ be a coloring of the edges of a complete graph on $n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-21 Matthew Bowen , Ander Lamaison , Alp Müyesser

Recently, Milani\v{c} and Trotignon introduced the class of equistarable graphs as graphs without isolated vertices admitting positive weights on the edges such that a subset of edges is of total weight $1$ if and only if it forms a maximal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-24 Endre Boros , Nina Chiarelli , Martin Milanič

Suppose that $k$ is a non-negative integer and a bipartite multigraph $G$ is the union of $$N=\left\lfloor \frac{k+2}{k+1}n\right\rfloor -(k+1)$$ matchings $M_1,\dots,M_N$, each of size $n$. We show that $G$ has a rainbow matching of size…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-02-22 János Barát , András Gyárfás , Gábor N. Sárközy
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