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Long-range entanglement distribution in a quantum network relies on entanglement swapping at intermediate nodes along a network path to connect short-range entangled states established over the network edges. The end-to-end entanglement of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-14 Md Sohel Mondal , Aniket Zambare , Siddhartha Santra

A long-distance quantum network for distributing entangled states would support novel information applications, such as unconditionally secure cryptography and distributed quantum computing. Realizing such a network requires hardware that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-18 Cody Jones , Kristiaan De Greve , Yoshihisa Yamamoto

Quantum internet needs to ensure timely provision of entangled qubits to be used in tasks that involve distributed quantum computing or sensing. This has been addressed by a top-down approach of optimized quantum networks…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-26 Jakob Kaltoft Søndergaard , René Bødker Christensen , Petar Popovski

We study quantum entanglement distribution on networks with full-rank bi-partite mixed states linking qubits on nodes. In particular, we use entanglement swapping and purification to partially entangle widely separated nodes. The simplest…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-01-24 G. J. Lapeyre , S. Perseguers , M. Lewenstein , A. Acín

Quantum networks use quantum mechanics properties of entanglement and teleportation to transfer data from one node to another. Hence, it is necessary to have an efficient mechanism to distribute entanglement among quantum network nodes.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-29 Dibakar Das , Shiva Kumar Malapaka , Jyotsna Bapat , Debabrata Das

Entanglement routing in near-term quantum networks consists of choosing the optimal sequence of short-range entanglements to combine through swapping operations to establish end-to-end entanglement between two distant nodes. Similar to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Amar Abane , Michael Cubeddu , Van Sy Mai , Abdella Battou

Realization of a globe-spanning quantum network is a current worldwide goal, where near and long term implementations will benefit from connectivity between platforms optimized for specific tasks. Towards this goal, a quantum network…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-11 Mohsen Falamarzi Askarani , Kaushik Chakraborty , Gustavo Castro do Amaral

Quantum computers face inherent scaling challenges, a fact that necessitates investigation of distributed quantum computing systems, whereby scaling is achieved through interconnection of smaller quantum processing units. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Felix Burt , Kuan-Cheng Chen , Kin K. Leung

In quantum networks, one way to communicate is to distribute entanglements through swapping at intermediate nodes. Most existing work primarily aims to create efficient two-party end-to-end entanglement over long distances. However, some…

Quantum information technology has the potential to revolutionize computing, communications, and security. To fully realize its potential, quantum processors with millions of qubits are needed, which is still far from being accomplished.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-12 Nicholas Skjellum , Mohamed Shaban , Muhammad Ismail

Long-distance entanglement is a very precious resource, but its distribution is very difficult due to the exponential losses of light in optical fibres. A possible solution consists in the use of quantum repeaters, based on entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-18 Carlo Liorni , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruss

Entanglement distribution is essential for unlocking the potential of distributed quantum information processing. We consider an $N$-partite network where entanglement is distributed via a central source over lossy channels, and network…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Leonardo Oleynik , Junaid ur Rehman , Seid Koudia , Symeon Chatzinotas

This work explores entanglement-assisted communication, where quantum entanglement resources enable the transmission of classical information at an enhanced rate. We consider a scenario where entanglement is distributed ahead of time based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-01 Stephen DiAdamo , Janis Nötzel

Remote quantum entanglement can enable numerous applications including distributed quantum computation, secure communication, and precision sensing. In this paper, we consider how a quantum network-nodes equipped with limited quantum…

Quantum networks are important for quantum communication, enabling tasks such as quantum teleportation, quantum key distribution, quantum sensing, and quantum error correction, often utilizing graph states, a specific class of multipartite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-19 Aniruddha Sen , Kenneth Goodenough , Don Towsley

Entanglement shared between distant parties is a key resource in quantum networks. However, photon losses in quantum channels significantly reduce the success probability of entanglement sharing, which scales quadratically with the channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-08 Wan Zo , Bohdan Bilash , Donghwa Lee , Yosep Kim , Hyang-Tag Lim , Kyunghwan Oh , Syed M. Assad , Yong-Su Kim

Entanglement generation in long-distance quantum networks is a difficult process due to resource limitations and the probabilistic nature of entanglement swapping. To maximize success probability, existing quantum routing algorithms employ…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Tasdiqul Islam , Md Arifuzzaman , Engin Arslan

Building large-scale quantum computers, essential to demonstrating quantum advantage, is a key challenge. Quantum Networks (QNs) can help address this challenge by enabling the construction of large, robust, and more capable quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-20 Xiaojie Fan , Caitao Zhan , Himanshu Gupta , C. R. Ramakrishnan

A simple model of small world quantum networks, in which a central node plays essential role, is introduced for sharing entanglement over long distances. In view of the challenges in setting up advanced quantum labs which allows only few…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-21 Ashkan Abedi , Vahid Karimipour

Quantum networks, which enable the transfer of quantum information across long distances, promise to provide exciting benefits and new possibilities in many areas including communication, computation, security, and metrology. These networks…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Alexander Kolar , Allen Zang , Joaquin Chung , Martin Suchara , Rajkumar Kettimuthu
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