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Related papers: COVID-19: What If Immunity Wanes?

200 papers

We study an infection-age structured epidemic model in which both the infectivity and the rate of loss of immunity depend on the time-since-infection. The model can be equivalently viewed as a nonlinear renewal equation for the incidence of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-11-13 Francesca Scarabel , Harry Coldwell , Tyler Cassidy

We analyze the spread of COVID-19 by considering the transmission of the disease among individuals both within and between regions. A set of regions can be defined as any partition of a population such that travel/social contact within each…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-11 Alexander F. Siegenfeld , Yaneer Bar-Yam

Mitigation measures are essential for controlling the spread of infectious diseases during pandemics and epidemics, but they impose considerable societal, individual, and economic costs. We developed a general optimization framework to…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-15 Laura Müller , Fabio Sartori , Jonas Dehning , Maximilian F. Eggl , Viola Priesemann

I employ a simple mathematical model of an epidemic process to evaluate how four basic quantities: the reproduction number (R), the numbers of sensitive (S) and infectious individuals(I), and total community size (N) affect strategies to…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-08 Michael E. Hochberg

We propose a general Bayesian approach to modeling epidemics such as COVID-19. The approach grew out of specific analyses conducted during the pandemic, in particular an analysis concerning the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions…

Applications · Statistics 2021-01-01 Samir Bhatt , Neil Ferguson , Seth Flaxman , Axel Gandy , Swapnil Mishra , James A. Scott

The COVID-19 vaccine reduces infection risk: even if one contracts COVID-19, the probability of complications like death or hospitalization is lower. However, vaccination may prompt people to decrease preventive behaviors, such as staying…

General Economics · Economics 2023-01-10 Eiji Yamamura , Yoshiro Tsutsui , Fumio Ohtake

A quantitative COVID-19 model that incorporates hidden asymptomatic patients is developed, and an analytic solution in parametric form is given. The model incorporates the impact of lockdown and resulting spatial migration of population due…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-06-02 Shaurya Kaushal , Abhineet Singh Rajput , Soumyadeep Bhattacharya , M. Vidyasagar , Aloke Kumar , Meher K. Prakash , Santosh Ansumali

A novel Coronavirus pandemic emerged in December of 2019, causing devastating public health impact across the world. In the absence of a safe and effective vaccine or antiviral, strategies for mitigating the burden of the pandemic are…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-04-27 Calistus N. Ngonghala , Enahoro Iboi , Steffen Eikenberry , Matthew Scotch , Chandini Raina MacIntyre , Matthew H. Bonds , Abba B. Gumel

I estimate the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) epidemic model for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The transmission rate is heterogeneous across countries and far exceeds the recovery rate, which enables a fast spread. In the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-03-27 Alexis Akira Toda

The World Health Organisation (WHO) has very strongly recommended testing and isolation as a strategy for controlling the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The goal of this paper is to quantify the effects of detection and isolation in formal…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-06-09 Palash Sarkar

Behavioral responses to pandemics are less shaped by actual mortality or hospitalization risks than they are by risk attitudes. We explore human mobility patterns as a measure of behavioral responses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our…

General Economics · Economics 2020-12-21 Ho Fai Chan , Ahmed Skali , David Savage , David Stadelmann , Benno Torgler

We study the extinction of epidemics in a generalized susceptible-infected-susceptible model, where a susceptible individual becomes infected with the rate $\lambda$ when contacting $m$ infective individual(s) simultaneously, and an…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-08-08 Hanshuang Chen , Feng Huang , Haifeng Zhang , Guofeng Li

Motivated by massive outbreaks of COVID-19 that occurred even in populations with high vaccine uptake, we propose a novel multi-population temporal network model for the spread of recurrent epidemic diseases. We study the effect of human…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-09-19 Kathinka Frieswijk , Lorenzo Zino , Ming Cao

Faced with a dangerous epidemic humans will spontaneously social distance to reduce their risk of infection at a socio-economic cost. Compartmentalised epidemic models have been extended to include this endogenous decision making:…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-07-08 Simon K. Schnyder , John J. Molina , Ryoichi Yamamoto , Matthew S. Turner

Motivated by COVID-19, we develop and analyze a simple stochastic model for a disease spread in human population. We track how the number of infected and critically ill people develops over time in order to estimate the demand that is…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-10 Jakub Svoboda , Josef Tkadlec , Andreas Pavlogiannis , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Martin A. Nowak

The outbreak of COVID-19 since Dec. 2019 has caused severe life and economic damage worldwide, many countries are trapped by medical resource constraints or absence of targeted therapeutics, and therefore the implement of systemic policies…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-15 Yubo Huang , Weidong Zhang

In this paper, we provide insights on how much testing and social distancing is required to control COVID-19. To this end, we develop a compartmental model that accounts for key aspects of the disease: 1) incubation time, 2) age-dependent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-11-04 Sara Grundel , Stefan Heyder , Thomas Hotz , Tobias K. S. Ritschel , Philipp Sauerteig , Karl Worthmann

We study equilibrium distancing during epidemics. Distancing reduces the individual's probability of getting infected but comes at a cost. It creates a single-peaked epidemic, flattens the curve and decreases the size of the epidemic. We…

General Economics · Economics 2021-03-02 Satoshi Fukuda , Nenad Kos , Christoph Wolf

We investigate how a population's natural and vaccine immunity affects the competitive balance between two strains of an infectious disease with different epidemiological characteristics. Specifically, we consider the case where one strain…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-12-27 Matthew D. Johnston , Bruce Pell , Jared Pemberton , David A. Rubel

A pandemic, the worldwide spread of a disease, can threaten human beings from the social as well as biological perspectives and paralyze existing living habits. To stave off the more devastating disaster and return to a normal life, people…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-07-25 Gyeong Hwan Jang , Sung Jin Kim , Mi Jin Lee , Seung-Woo Son