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Fast Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is critical for latency-sensitive applications such as real-time captioning and meeting transcription. However, truly parallel ASR decoding remains challenging due to the sequential nature of…

As text generation has become a core capability of modern Large Language Models (LLMs), it underpins a wide range of downstream applications. However, most existing LLMs rely on autoregressive (AR) generation, producing one token at a time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Lingzhe Zhang , Liancheng Fang , Chiming Duan , Minghua He , Leyi Pan , Pei Xiao , Shiyu Huang , Yunpeng Zhai , Xuming Hu , Philip S. Yu , Aiwei Liu

Enlightened by the success of machine learning techniques in various application areas, recent years have witnessed a surge of research efforts on automatic program repair (APR) using machine learning techniques. Previous machine…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Zhenyu Yang , Yue Pan , Zhen Yang , Zhongxing Yu

This paper presents the use of non-autoregressive (NAR) approaches for joint automatic speech recognition (ASR) and spoken language understanding (SLU) tasks. The proposed NAR systems employ a Conformer encoder that applies connectionist…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-24 Mohan Li , Rama Doddipatla

In sequence-to-sequence Transformer ASR, autoregressive (AR) models achieve strong accuracy but suffer from slow decoding, while non-autoregressive (NAR) models enable parallel decoding at the cost of degraded performance. We propose a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-26 Hao Yen , Pin-Jui Ku , Ante Jukić , Sabato Marco Siniscalchi

We study the text generation task under the approach of pre-trained language models (PLMs). Typically, an auto-regressive (AR) method is adopted for generating texts in a token-by-token manner. Despite many advantages of AR generation, it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Junyi Li , Tianyi Tang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jian-Yun Nie , Ji-Rong Wen

Non-autoregressive (NAR) transformer models have achieved significantly inference speedup but at the cost of inferior accuracy compared to autoregressive (AR) models in automatic speech recognition (ASR). Most of the NAR transformers take a…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Xingchen Song , Zhiyong Wu , Yiheng Huang , Chao Weng , Dan Su , Helen Meng

As a key component of talking face generation, lip movements generation determines the naturalness and coherence of the generated talking face video. Prior literature mainly focuses on speech-to-lip generation while there is a paucity in…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Jinglin Liu , Zhiying Zhu , Yi Ren , Wencan Huang , Baoxing Huai , Nicholas Yuan , Zhou Zhao

Autoregressive (AR) language models generate text one token at a time, which limits their inference speed. Diffusion-based language models offer a promising alternative, as they can decode multiple tokens in parallel. However, we identify a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yeongbin Seo , Dongha Lee , Jaehyung Kim , Jinyoung Yeo

We study reasoning tasks through a framework that integrates auto-regressive (AR) and non-autoregressive (NAR) language models. AR models, which generate text sequentially, excel at producing coherent outputs but often suffer from slow…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Qihang Ai , Haiyun Jiang

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for modern generative modeling, demonstrating strong potential for large language models (LLMs). Unlike conventional autoregressive (AR) models that generate tokens sequentially,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Gen Li , Changxiao Cai

Non-autoregressive (NAR) automatic speech recognition (ASR) models predict tokens independently and simultaneously, bringing high inference speed. However, there is still a gap in the accuracy of the NAR models compared to the…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Ziyang Zhuang , Chenfeng Miao , Kun Zou , Ming Fang , Tao Wei , Zijian Li , Ning Cheng , Wei Hu , Shaojun Wang , Jing Xiao

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) are rapidly emerging as a powerful and promising alternative to the dominant autoregressive (AR) paradigm. By generating tokens in parallel through an iterative denoising process, DLMs possess inherent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Tianyi Li , Mingda Chen , Bowei Guo , Zhiqiang Shen

Audio-LLM introduces audio modality into a large language model (LLM) to enable a powerful LLM to recognize, understand, and generate audio. However, during speech recognition in noisy environments, we observed the presence of illusions and…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yangze Li , Xiong Wang , Songjun Cao , Yike Zhang , Long Ma , Lei Xie

The autoregressive (AR) models, such as attention-based encoder-decoder models and RNN-Transducer, have achieved great success in speech recognition. They predict the output sequence conditioned on the previous tokens and acoustic encoded…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-06 Zhengkun Tian , Jiangyan Yi , Jianhua Tao , Ye Bai , Shuai Zhang , Zhengqi Wen , Xuefei Liu

Autoregressive Language Models instantiate a factorized likelihood over token sequences, yet their strictly sequential decoding process imposes an intrinsic lower bound on inference latency. This bottleneck has emerged as a central obstacle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Maxim Divilkovskiy , Vitaly Malygin , Sergey Zlobin , Stanislav Ilyushin , Sultan Isali , Vasily Kalugin , Nuriza Aitassova , Fei Yi , Weidi Zeng

Discrete Diffusion Language Models have emerged as a compelling paradigm for unified multimodal generation, yet their deployment is hindered by high inference latency arising from iterative decoding. Existing acceleration strategies often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Chenglin Wang , Yucheng Zhou , Shawn Chen , Tao Wang , Kai Zhang

Autoregressive (AR) models remain the standard for natural language generation but still suffer from high latency due to strictly sequential decoding. Recent diffusion-inspired approaches, such as LlaDA and Dream, mitigate this by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Qinglin Zhu , Yizhen Yao , Runcong Zhao , Yanzheng Xiang , Amrutha Saseendran , Chen Jin , Philip Teare , Bin Liang , Yulan He , Lin Gui

Code completion tools are frequently used by software developers to accelerate software development by suggesting the following code elements. Completing a sequence of code tokens (e.g., a full line of code) has been proved more efficient…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Fang Liu , Zhiyi Fu , Ge Li , Zhi Jin , Hui Liu , Yiyang Hao

Visual autoregressive models typically adhere to a raster-order ``next-token prediction" paradigm, which overlooks the spatial and temporal locality inherent in visual content. Specifically, visual tokens exhibit significantly stronger…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Yefei He , Yuanyu He , Shaoxuan He , Feng Chen , Hong Zhou , Kaipeng Zhang , Bohan Zhuang