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Thanks to the first mm studies on the territory of the former USSR in the early 1960s and succeeding sub-mm measurements in the 1970s - early 1980s at wavelengths up to 0.34 mm, a completely unique astroclimate was revealed in the Eastern…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-10 Alexander V. Lapinov , Svetlana A. Lapinova , Leonid Yu. Petrov , Daniel Ferrusca

Canary Islands are normally interested by dominant North-East winds that, in some meteorological conditions, can transport sand at high altitude from the Sahara desert. The dust may affect the efficiency of the telescopes and decreases the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. Lombardi , V. Zitelli , S. Ortolani , M. Pedani , A. Ghedina

Ground-based spectrometers have been developed to measure the concentration, velocity, and temperature of ozone in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) using low-cost satellite television electronics to observe the 11.072 GHz…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-18 O. B. Alam , A. E. E. Rogers

The Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos (ORM), in the Canary Islands (Spain), was one of the candidates to host the future European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT) and is the site of the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC), the largest…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 A. Garcia-Gil , C. Munoz-Tunon , A. M. Varela

We present an analysis of the atmospheric content of aerosols measured at Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos (ORM; Canary Islands). Using a laser diode particle counter located at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) we have detected…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 G. Lombardi , V. Zitelli , S. Ortolani , J. Melnick , A. Ghedina , A. Garcia , E. Molinari , C. Gatica

We present magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the atmospheres of hot Jupiters ranging in temperature from 1100-1800K. Magnetic effects are negligible in atmospheres with temperatures $\lesssim$ 1400K. At higher temperatures winds are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Tamara M. Rogers , Thaddeus D. Komacek

The area of Chajnantor, at more than 5000 meters altitude in northern Chile, offers unique atmospheric and operational conditions which arguably make it the best site in the world for millimeter, submillimeter, and mid-infrared…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-31 Ricardo Bustos , Mónica Rubio , Angel Otárola , Neil Nagar

We present an analysis of the meteorological data collected at Dome A, Antarctica by the Kunlun Automated Weather Station, including temperatures and wind speeds at eight elevations above the snow surface between 0m and 14.5m. The average…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Yi Hu , Zhaohui Shang , Michael C. B. Ashley , Collin S. Bonner , Keliang Hu , Qiang Liu , Yuansheng Li , Bin Ma , Lifan Wang , Haikun Wen

We present a long-duration ($\sim$10 years) statistical analysis of the temperatures, plasma betas, and temperature ratios for the electron, proton, and alpha-particle populations observed by the \emph{Wind} spacecraft near 1 AU. The…

We present a seismological method to probe the solar atmosphere above sunspot umbrae with three-minute oscillations. Our technique allows us to estimate both the vertical distance between atmospheric layers and the wave-propagation speed…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-27 A. S. Deres , S. A. Anfinogentov

Saturn's northern summertime hemisphere was mapped by JWST/MIRI (4.9-27.9 $\mu$m) in November 2022, tracing the seasonal evolution of temperatures, aerosols, and chemical species in the five years since the end of the Cassini mission. The…

The Atacama desert stands as the most arid, non-polar, region on Earth and has accommodated a considerable portion of the world's ground-based astronomical observatories for an extended period. The comprehension of factors important for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-27 Julia Victoria Seidel , Angel Otarola , Valentina Théron

We present the overview of the MOSE project (MOdeling ESO Sites) aiming at proving the feasibility of the forecast of the classical atmospherical parameters (wind speed intensity and direction, temperature, relative humidity) and the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-09-27 E. Masciadri , F. Lascaux , L. Fini

Climate change is affecting and will increasingly affect astronomical observations. In this paper, we investigated the role some key weather parameters play in the quality of astronomical observations, and analysed their long-term trends…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-25 Faustine Cantalloube , Julien Milli , Christoph Böhm , Susanne Crewell , Julio Navarrete , Kira Rehfeld , Marc Sarazin , Anna Sommani

Sierra Negra, one of the highest peaks in central Mexico, is the site of the Large Millimeter Telescope. We describe the first results of a comprehensive analysis of the weather data measured in situ from October 2000 to February 2008 to be…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 E. Carrasco , A. Carramiñana , R. Avila , C. Gutiérrez , J. L. Avilés , J. Reyes , J. Meza , O. Yam

The Solar Wind Around Pluto (SWAP) instrument on NASA's New Horizon Pluto mission has collected solar wind observations en route from Earth to Pluto, and these observations continue beyond Pluto. Few missions have explored the solar wind in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-20 H. A. Elliott , D. J. McComas , P. Valek , G. Nicolaou , S. Weidner , G. Livadiotis

The high-resolution echelle spectrograph UVES of the Very Large Telescope at Cerro Paranal in Chile has been regularly operated since April 2000. Thus, UVES archival data originally taken for astronomical projects but also including sky…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-18 Stefan Noll , Stefan Kimeswenger , Bastian Proxauf , Stefanie Unterguggenberger , Wolfgang Kausch , Amy M. Jones

The review presents analysis and physical interpretation of available statistical data about solar wind plasma and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) properties as measured in-situ at 1 A.U. by numerous space experiments during time period…

Space Physics · Physics 2013-01-15 A. V. Dmitriev , A. V. Suvorova , I. S. Veselovsky

We use ordinal patterns and symbolic analysis to construct global climate networks and uncover long and short term memory processes. The data analyzed is the monthly averaged surface air temperature (SAT field) and the results suggest that…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 Marcelo Barreiro , Arturo C. Marti , Cristina Masoller

The MWTP: Monterrey Weather, Traffic and Pollution Database contains a collection of historic weather conditions, and recent traffic and air pollution data of the metropolitan area of Monterrey, Mexico. Collected data includes: temperature,…