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Even if Moore's Law continues to hold, it will take about 250 years to fill the performance gap between present-day computer and the ultimate computer determined from the laws of physics alone. Information processing technology in the…
In this research notebook in the four-part, quantum computation and applications, quantum computation and algorithms, quantum communication protocol, and universal quantum computation for quantum engineers, researchers, and scientists, we…
A confluence of advances in the computer and mathematical sciences has unleashed unprecedented capabilities for enabling true evidence-based decision making. These capabilities are making possible the large-scale capture of data and the…
In the 1980s, high-performance computing (HPC) became another tool for research in the open (non-defense) science and engineering research communities. However, HPC came with a high price tag; the first Cray-2 machines, released in 1985,…
5G wireless technology can deliver higher data speeds, ultra low latency, more reliability, massive network capacity, increased availability, and a more uniform user experience to users. It brings additional power to help address the…
The transistor celebrated its 75${}^\text{th}$ birthday in 2022. The continued scaling of the transistor defined by Moore's Law continues, albeit at a slower pace. Meanwhile, computing demands and energy consumption required by modern…
Simulations - utilizing computers to solve complicated science and engineering problems - are a key ingredient of modern science. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is a world leader in the development of high-performance computing (HPC),…
The demand for computing power has been growing exponentially with the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and the Internet of Things (IoT). This growth requires unconventional computing primitives that prioritize energy…
Cloud computing is the new technology that has various advantages and it is an adoptable technology in this present scenario. The main advantage of the cloud computing is that this technology reduces the cost effectiveness for the…
-Information Technology (IT) shaped the success of organizations, giving them a solid foundation that increases both their level of efficiency as well as productivity. The computing industry is witnessing a paradigm shift in the way…
Today, our lifestyle revolves around digital devices powered by microprocessors of different instruction set architectures (ISA). Among them, the most common are x86 and ARM, the brainpower of our computers and smartphones. Reduced…
Deep learning's recent history has been one of achievement: from triumphing over humans in the game of Go to world-leading performance in image classification, voice recognition, translation, and other tasks. But this progress has come with…
Computing is an indispensable component of nearly all technologies and is ubiquitous for vast segments of society. It is also essential to discoveries and innovations in most disciplines. However, while past grand challenges in science have…
Climate change is an existential threat to the United States and the world. Inevitably, computing will play a key role in mitigation, adaptation, and resilience in response to this threat. The needs span all areas of computing, from devices…
Looking at the last decade, progress in technology has made a huge impact on our lifestyles. Enhanced use of mobile phones has provided a technological breakthrough, with the latest smartphones capturing the market. The word smartphone is…
For decades, researchers have been applying computer simulation to address problems in biology. However, many of these "grand challenges" in computational biology, such as simulating how proteins fold, remained unsolved due to their great…
Computation, the use of a computer to solve, simulate, or visualize a physical problem, has revolutionized how physics research is done. Computation is used widely to model systems, to simulate experiments, and to analyze data. Yet, in most…
A quantum computer has now solved a specialized problem believed to be intractable for supercomputers, suggesting that quantum processors may soon outperform supercomputers on scientifically important problems. But flaws in each quantum…
As high-performance computing (HPC) moves into the exascale era, computer scientists and engineers must find innovative ways of transferring and processing unprecedented amounts of data. As the scale and complexity of the applications…