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We give a survey at an introductory level of old and recent results in the study of critical points of solutions of elliptic and parabolic partial differential equations. To keep the presentation simple, we mainly consider four exemplary…

We study the diffusion (or heat) equation on a finite 1-dimensional spatial domain, but we replace one of the boundary conditions with a "nonlocal condition", through which we specify a weighted average of the solution over the spatial…

In this paper, we first define a discrete version of the fractional Laplace operator $(-\Delta)^{s}$ through the heat semigroup on a stochastically complete, connected, locally finite graph $G = (V, E, \mu, w)$. Secondly, we define the…

For the time-space fractional degenerate Keller-Segel equation \begin{equation*} \begin{cases} \partial _{t}^{\beta }u=-(-\Delta )^{\frac{\alpha}{2}}(\rho (v)u),& t>0\\ (-\Delta )^{\frac{\alpha}{2}} v+v=u,& t>0 \end{cases} \end{equation*}…

In this article, we study the existence and uniqueness of a weak solution to the fractional single-phase lag heat equation. This model contains the terms $\cal{D}_t^\alpha(u_t)$ and $\cal{D}_t^\alpha u $ (with $\alpha \in(0,1)$), where…

To our knowledge, this paper is the first attempt to consider the existence issue for fractional $p$-Laplacian equation: $(-\Delta)_p^s u= \lambda f(u),\; u> 0 ~\text{in}~\Omega;\; u=0\;\text{in}~ \mathbb{R}^N\setminus\Omega$, where $p>1$,…

A non-classical initial and boundary value problem for a non-homogeneous one-dimensional heat equation for a semi-infinite material with a zero temperature boundary condition at the face $x=0$ is studied with the aim of finding explicit…

In this paper we develop an artificial initial boundary value problem for the high-order heat equation in a bounded domain $\Omega$. It is found an unique classical solution of this problem in an explicit form and shown that the solution of…

One of the principal topics of this paper concerns the realization of self-adjoint operators $L_{\Theta, \Om}$ in $L^2(\Om; d^n x)^m$, $m, n \in \bbN$, associated with divergence form elliptic partial differential expressions $L$ with…

We study existence, uniqueness and regularity of solutions for ordinary differential equations with infinitely many derivatives such as (linearized versions of) nonlocal field equations of motion appearing in particle physics, nonlocal…

For a heat equation with Robin's boundary conditions which depends on a parameter $\alpha>0$, we prove that its unique weak solution $\rho^\alpha$ converges, when $\alpha$ goes to zero or to infinity, to the unique weak solution of the heat…

In this paper, we study the existence of distributional solutions solving \cref{main-3} on a bounded domain $\Omega$ satisfying a uniform capacity density condition where the nonlinear structure $\mathcal{A}(x,t,\nabla u)$ is modelled after…

In this paper, we discuss initial-boundary value problems for linear diffusion equation with multiple time-fractional derivatives. By means of the Mittag-Leffler function and the eigenfunction expansion, we reduce the problem to an integral…

Let $\mathbb{H}^n$ be the $n$-dimensional real hyperbolic space, $\Delta$ its nonnegative Laplace--Beltrami operator whose bottom of the spectrum we denote by $\lambda_{0}$, and $\sigma \in (0,1)$. The aim of this paper is twofold. On the…

A Lax-Oleinik type explicit formula for 1D scalar balance laws has been recently obtained for the pure initial value problem by Adimurthi et al. in [1]. In this article, by introducing a suitable boundary functional, we establish a…

Liouville theorems for scaling invariant nonlinear parabolic equations and systems (saying that the equation or system does not possess positive entire solutions) guarantee optimal universal estimates of solutions of related initial and…

In the present work, we discuss the existence of a unique positive solution of a boundary value problem for nonlinear fractional order equation with singularity. Precisely, order of equation $D_{0+}^\alpha u(t)=f(t,u(t))$ belongs to $(3,4]$…

In this paper, we study a class of eigenvalue problems involving both local as well as nonlocal operators, precisely the classical Laplace operator and the fractional Laplace operator in the presence of mixed boundary conditions, that is…

We develop the regularity theory for solutions to space-time nonlocal equations driven by fractional powers of the heat operator $$(\partial_t-\Delta)^su(t,x)=f(t,x),\quad\hbox{for}~0<s<1.$$ This nonlocal equation of order $s$ in time and…

We give a unified statement and proof of a class of wellknown mean value inequalities for nonnegative functions with a nonlinear bound on the Laplacian. We generalize these to domains with boundary, requiring a (possibly nonlinear) bound on…