Related papers: Transition states and entangled mass action law
Typicality arguments replace the postulated mixed state ensembles of statistical mechanics with pure states sampled uniformly at random, explaining why most microstates of large systems exhibit thermal behavior. This paradigm has been…
Some models allowing explicit calculation of periodic instantons and evaluation of their action are studied with regard to transitions from classical to quantum behaviour as the temperature is lowered and tunneling sets in. It is shown that…
Elementary gas-phase reactions of the bimolecular type A + B -> Products are characterized by the second order kinetic law -d[A]/dt=k[A][B], where [A] and [B] are the concentrations of A and B species, t is time and k is the rate constant,…
We consider a Markov jump process on a general state space to which we apply a time-dependent weak perturbation over a finite time interval. By martingale-based stochastic calculus, under a suitable exponential moment bound for the…
The classical theory of chemical reactions can be understood in terms of diffusive barrier crossing, where the rate of a reaction is determined by the inverse of the mean first passage time (FPT) to cross a free energy barrier. Whenever a…
We investigate the physical meaning of quantum superposition states between reactants and products in electron transfer reactions. We show that such superpositions are strongly suppressed and to leading orders of perturbation theory do not…
Previously proposed measures of entanglement, such as entanglement of formation and assistance, are shown to be special cases of the relative entropy of entanglement. The difference between these measures for an ensemble of mixed states is…
We study a system of self-propelled disks that perform run-and-tumble motion, where particles can adopt more than one internal state. One of those internal states can be transmitted to another particle if the particle carrying this state…
We study a quantum theory based on two assumptions: In the intrinsic frame of reference of an isolated, macroscopic system, (i) the system has no global motion and is not entangled with any other system, (ii) time evolution of statevectors…
Deviations of the decay law from exponents are discussing for a long time, however, experimental proofs of such deviations are absent. Here in the general form is shown that the conclusions about non-exponential contributions are due to the…
Experimental systems with power-law interactions have recently garnered interest as promising platforms for quantum information processing. Such systems are capable of spreading entanglement superballistically and achieving an asymptotic…
The decay rate of metastable states is determined at high temperatures by thermal activation, whereas at temperatures close to zero quantum tunneling is relevant. At some temperature $T_{c}$ the transition from classical to…
We introduce quantum fluctuations into the simulated annealing process of optimization problems, aiming at faster convergence to the optimal state. Quantum fluctuations cause transitions between states and thus play the same role as thermal…
Focusing on isolated macroscopic systems, described either in terms of a quantum mechanical or a classical model, our two key questions are: In how far does an initial ensemble (usually far from equilibrium and largely unknown in detail)…
There is a vast amount of literature concerning the appropriateness of various perturbation parameters for the standard quasi-steady state approximation in the Michaelis-Menten reaction mechanism, and also concerning the relevance of these…
Two particles, initially in a product state, become entangled when they come together and start to interact. Using semiclassical methods, we calculate the time evolution of the corresponding reduced density matrix $\rho_1$, obtained by…
All current formulations of nonequilibrium thermodynamics of open chemical reaction networks rely on the assumption of non-interacting species. We develop a general theory which accounts for interactions between chemical species within a…
Arguments about the conservation laws of energy and momentum in the micro-world being statistical or strict began in 1924, and conflicting viewpoints remain today. The former is mainly supported theoretically, but the latter has been proved…
We study entanglement in mixed bipartite quantum states which are invariant under simultaneous SU(2) transformations in both subsystems. Previous results on the behavior of such states under partial transposition are substantially extended.…
Suppose Alice and Bob try to transform an entangled state shared between them into another one by local operations and classical communications. Then in general a certain amount of entanglement contained in the initial state will decrease…