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This paper focuses on finding a spanning tree of a graph to maximize the number of its internal vertices. We present an approximation algorithm for this problem which can achieve a performance ratio $\frac{4}{3}$ on undirected simple…
Recently, convex nested stochastic composite optimization (NSCO) has received considerable attention for its applications in reinforcement learning and risk-averse optimization. The current NSCO algorithms have worse stochastic oracle…
The semi-streaming model is a variant of the streaming model frequently used for the computation of graph problems. It allows the edges of an $n$-node input graph to be read sequentially in $p$ passes using $\tilde{O}(n)$ space. In this…
As nutrients travel through microcirculation and are absorbed, their availability continuously decreases. However, a uniform nutrient distribution is critical, as it prevents tissue death in poorly supplied areas. How, then, do vascular…
Vessel tracing by modeling vascular structures in 3D medical images with centerlines and radii can provide useful information for vascular health. Existing algorithms have been developed but there are certain persistent problems such as…
We propose an algorithm for optimizations in which the gradients contain stochastic noise. This arises, for example, in structural optimizations when computations of forces and stresses rely on methods involving Monte Carlo sampling, such…
Traffic dynamics on single or isolated complex networks has been extensively studied in the past decade. Recently, several coupled network models have been developed to describe the interactions between real-world networked systems. In a…
We present DeepVesselNet, an architecture tailored to the challenges faced when extracting vessel networks or trees and corresponding features in 3-D angiographic volumes using deep learning. We discuss the problems of low execution speed…
Aging is a fundamental aspect of living systems that undergo a progressive deterioration of physiological function with age and an increase of vulnerability to disease and death. Living systems, known as complex systems, require complexity…
In complex systems (e.g., communication, transportation, and biological networks), high robustness ensures sustained functionality and stability even when resisting attacks. However, the inherent structure complexity and the…
Anatomical segmentation of organs in ultrasound images is essential to many clinical applications, particularly for diagnosis and monitoring. Existing deep neural networks require a large amount of labeled data for training in order to…
The costs of fatalities and injuries due to traffic accident have a great impact on society. This paper presents our research to model the severity of injury resulting from traffic accidents using artificial neural networks and decision…
Biology presents many examples of planar distribution and structural networks having dense sets of closed loops. An archetype of this form of network organization is the vasculature of dicotyledonous leaves, which showcases a…
Fast, gradient-based structural optimization has long been limited to a highly restricted subset of problems -- namely, density-based compliance minimization -- for which gradients can be analytically derived. For other objective functions,…
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a critical global health concern, demanding reliable and interpretable predictive models for early risk assessment. This study presents a large-scale analysis using the Heart Disease Health Indicators…
Accurate segmentation of vascular networks is essential for computer-aided tools designed to address cardiovascular diseases. Despite more than thirty years of research, it remains a challenge to obtain vascular segmentation results that…
Each and every biological function in living organism happens as a result of protein-protein interactions.The diseases are no exception to this. Identifying one or more proteins for a particular disease and then designing a suitable…
Reinforced elastic sheets surround us in daily life, from concrete shell buildings to biological structures such as the arthropod exoskeleton or the venation network of dicotyledonous plant leaves. Natural structures are often highly…
Several classical adaptive optimization algorithms, such as line search and trust region methods, have been recently extended to stochastic settings where function values, gradients, and Hessians in some cases, are estimated via stochastic…
Segmentation of the coronary artery is an important task for the quantitative analysis of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) images and is being stimulated by the field of deep learning. However, the complex structures with…